复合硫酸钙-脱钙骨基质人工骨聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯骨水泥的理化性能*★

背景：临床研究表明，聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯骨水泥的生物活性较差，不太适合单独用于经皮椎体成形。 目的：探索一种能满足经皮椎体成形填充材料理化要求的具备生物活性的多孔复合材料。 方法：将碳酸氢钠、硫酸钙-脱钙骨基质颗粒粉末和聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯骨水泥按不同质量比例(1∶40∶60，0∶40∶60， 1∶0∶100)混合构成A、B、C 3种复合材料。检测各种复合物凝固时间、聚合温度、抗稀散性及成型材料的抗压性，以扫描电镜观察其超微结构。 结果与结论：A、B组与C组材料的凝固时间、聚合温度、抗压强度比较差异有显著性意义，但均符合经皮椎体成形填充材料基本要求，抗稀散性均良好。扫描电镜示A组结合较B、C组材料疏松，材料内部孔隙较多。提示复合材料A具有良好的理化性能，能满足作为经皮椎体成形填充材料的基本条件，且具备较好的孔隙结构，可以进一步研究其组织相容性、可降解性、骨传导性及骨诱导性等生物学性能。

Physical and chemical properties of polymethylmethacrylate bone cement combined with Osteoset-demineralized bone matrix

BACKGROUND: Clinical studies have shown that the long-term efficacy of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) as a perfusion agent for percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) remains to be seen, because of the poor biological activity. OBJECTIVE: To explore the experimental operation of a PVP filler material to meet the physical and chemical requirements with a new type of biological activity of the porous composite material, in order for the complex to lay the foundation of animal studies. METHODS: Sodium bicarbonate, Osteoset-demineralized bone matrix (DBM) particles powder and PMMA bone cement were mixed at different mass ratio (1:40:60, 0:40:60, 1:0:100) to form A, B, C three kinds of composite materials. The solidification time, polymerization temperature, anti-scattered resistance, and resistance to stress were measured, and the ultrastructure was observed under scanning electron microscope (SEM). RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: In A and B groups, the solidification time, polymerization temperature, and compressive strength significantly differed from those in C group, but all the materials met with PVP filler basic requirements with good anti-scattered nature. SEM showed the material in A group was looser with more pores than those in B and C groups. The composite material A has good physical and chemical properties, as the PVP technique can meet the basic conditions of filling materials, and has good pore structure. Further studies can be conducted on the biocompatibility, biodegradability, bone conduction, induction and other biological properties.