四川省冕宁县克山病流行病学特点分析

目的 探讨四川省冕宁县克山病在高发年和低发年的流行特征,为防治工作提供科学的参考依据.方法 采用描述流行病学方法,收集以往病历资料,将克山病在流行(高发)与散发(低发)年度的发病情况进行对比.结果 在高发年,克山病存在家庭多发,占12%(6/50);存在季节高发,5-9月占全年发病总数的78%(39/50).病例发生循环功能障碍(奔马律、肺部啰音、颈静脉怒张、口唇发绀)的程度高发年较低发年重(X2=8.53,P<0.01).平均发病年龄高发年为(4.07±1.46)岁,低发年为(6.11±2.71)岁,发病年龄后移;高发和低发年发病类型构成明显不同(X2=40.68,P<0.01),慢型在高发年占22.85%(707/3094),在低发年占46.09%(53/115),慢型所占比例增加.结论 进一步做好现阶段克山病流行病学研究工作,提高诊断和治疗及管理水平,是当前克山病防治科研工作的一项重要内容.

Analysis on epidemiological characteristics of Keshan disease in Mianning County of Sichuan

Objectives Understanding the characteristic changes of Keshan disease (KD) in different epidemic period to provide reference basis for prevention and teatment. Methods On the basis of medical record as fundamental element, the relative conditions of Keshan disease's prevailing and spreading period were compared. Results In high incidence years, familial aggregation [accounted for 12%(6/50)] and seasonal aggregation were found, and KD cases occurred mainly from May to September, which was 78% (39/50)of the total cases in the whole year. Circulatory dysfunction(gallop rhythm, pulmonary role, jugular venous engorgement, cyanosis of lips) was more severe in high incidence years than that in low incidence years(X2=8.53,P<0.01). The average age of incidence was (4.07±1.46) years old in high incidence years and (6.11±2.71) years old in low incidence years. The type constitution in high incidence years was significantly different from that in low incidence years (X2=40.68, P<0.01), and chronic type of KD accounted for 22.85%(707/3094),46.09%(53/115), respectively, in high and low incidence years. Conclusions Making a further research of seizure of disease, and improving diagnosis and cure management level are also the important content for prevention and cure research work of Keshan disease at right time.