穗港两地甲型肝炎病毒抗体的流行病学调查

目的：调查目前穗港两地甲型肝炎病毒（HAV）的人群中的感染状况，为预防策略提供依据。方法：的穗港两地区收集社区中不同年龄的健康人群的血清标本，应用酶联免疫法（EIA）检测标本中的HAV的总抗体，统计出不同年龄人群中的感染率。结果：广州地区甲型肝炎总阳性率为57.2%，年龄别标准化阳性率为64.9%，香港地区总阳性率为60.6%，年龄别标准化阳性率为42.6%，广州地区阳性率高于较香港地区阳性率；的香港地区30岁以下人群阳性率低，仅为15.0%，30岁以上人群阳性率为80.9%，广州地区20岁以下人群阳性率为41.4%，年龄大于20岁的人群抗体阳性率为72.7%，广州地区20岁以上人群甲型肝炎病毒抗体阳性率与香港地区30岁以上人群阳性率相似，广州地区1997年人群抗体阳性率与1989年人群抗体阳性率比较无明显差异。结论：穗港两地比较年龄别标准化阳性率广州地区高于香港地区，随着生活水平的提高甲型肝炎的感染的年龄有向后推移的趋势，香港地区30岁以下人群及广州地区20岁以下人群（特别是年龄小于10岁的儿童）是甲肝疫苗接种的适合人群，广州地区甲型肝炎抗体阳性率与1989年比较无明显差异。

Survey of the epidemicology of hepatitis A virus in Guangzhou and Hong Kong

Objective To investigate the epidemiology of hepatitis A virus in Guangzhou and Hong Kong. This investigation will provide a base for the strategic prevention of the hepatitis A breakout.Methods The detection of serum antibody against hepatitis A virus was carried out by EIA in 984 people who lived in Guangzhou and 743 people who lived in Hong Kong Special Administrative Region. The statistics of the different age and sex groups were studied.Results In Guangzhou the zero-positive rate was 57.2% and the age-standard zero-positive rate was 64.9%,while in Hong Kong the zero-positive rate was 60.6% and the age-standard rate was 42.6%. The zero-positive rate against HAV in Guangzhou was higher than that in Hong Kong. In Hong Kong the zero-positive rates was 15.0% in the age group under 30 and was 80.9% in the age group above 30.In Guangzhou ,the zero-positive rate was 41.4% in age group under 20 and was 72.7% in age group were above 20. The rate in age group above 20 in Guangzhou was similar with that in the age group above 30 in Hong Kong. There was no significant difference of the positive rate in 1989 and that in 1997 in Guangzhou.Conclusions The zero-positive rate in Guangzhou was higher than that in Hong Kong. In a higher living standard, the age of infected people was tending older. The populations under 20 years old in Guangzhou and under 30 years old in Hong Kong should be the major object to be protected by vaccination.