自杀未遂危险因素的病例对照研究

目的：探讨自杀未遂的独立危险因素以及精神疾病在自杀行为危险因素中的相对重要性。方法：对就诊于综合医院的152例自杀遂者和按1：1匹配的对照组用自制问卷进行调查。结果：自杀未遂组患精神病的比例显著高于对照组（37．7％比4．0，配对X2．45．45，P＜0．001），条件logistic回归分析结果显示自杀未遂有三个独立的危险因素，急性应激强度大（OR＝67．47，95％，CI8．85－514．56），患有精神疾病（OR＝13．85，95％，CI 2．01－95．55），和负性生活事件在近一年对心理的影响程度大（OR＝5．40，95％CI 1．12－26．08），结论：精神疾病是导致自杀未遂的一个重要因素但不是必然因素，有必要制定出具有中国特色的全国性自杀干预计划。

A casecontrol study on attempted suicide

Objective To assess the independent risk factors of attempted suicide and the importance of mental illness as a risk factor. Methods Detailed assessments of 152 suicide attempters treated in general hospitals and 152 matched controls through questionaires. Results The rate of mental illness in the suicide attempters' group was significantly higher than that in the control group (37.7% versus 4.0 %, paired Chi square= 45.45 , P < 0.001 ). Conditional logistic regression identified three independent predictors of suicidal behavior: severe acute stress ( OR = 67.47 , 95% CI : 8.85 514.56 ), presence of mental illness ( OR = 13.85 , 95% CI : 2.01 95.55 ), and immense psychological effect of negative life events in the prior year ( OR = 5.30 , 95% CI : 1.12 26.08 ). Conclusion Mental illness is an important risk factor of attempted suicide, but not an essential pre condition of suicide attempts. It is important to establish a national suicide prevention plan that which is pertinent to the conditions in China.