汽车安全气囊致眼外伤临床分析

目的 探讨汽车安全气囊致眼外伤的临床特点及诊治方法.方法 对2004～2006年于我院眼科住院的15例30眼汽车安全气囊致眼外伤病例进行回顾性分析.结果 闭合性眼球钝挫伤15例30眼,均伴有角膜挫伤(占100%),其中合并有前房积血12例20眼(占66.67%),瞳孔括约肌撕裂6例9眼(占30%),视神经挫伤5例6眼(占20%),玻璃体积血3例3眼(占10%).经治疗12例24眼角膜恢复透明,合并前房积血全部吸收,其中18眼视力恢复至1.0;1例1眼在临时角膜下行玻璃体切割、穿透性角膜移植术,术后视力0.1;4例5眼形成角膜瘢翳,因为同时合并有视神经挫伤,视力0.2～0.3.结论 汽车安全气囊可导致多种类型眼损伤,其中尤以角膜挫伤发病率高,且多为双眼性,角膜恢复透明时间长,治疗棘手,可延误合并有眼后段损伤的诊断及治疗,因此对合并有眼后段损伤的病例临床上容易漏诊,早期诊治有利于患者视力恢复.

Analysis of ocular injuries due to automotive air bag

Objective To investigate the clinical features and treatment of ocular injuries due to automotive air bag inflation.Methods A total of 15 cases(30 eyes) were reviewed.All cases were ocular injuries due to automotive air bag and accepted therapy in author's hospital during 2004 to 2006.Results All of 15 cases(30 eyes) were closed injuries of cornea.There were 20 eyes(66.67%) complicated by anterior chamber hyphema,9 eyes(30%) complicated by lacerated wound of contractor pupillae muscle,6 eyes(20%) with contused wound of optic nerve,and 3 eyes(10%) with vitreous hemorrhage.Through appropriate therapy,12 cases(24 eyes) got cured with their corneas returning transparent,and at last visions of 18 eyes were increased to 1.0.One case(1 eye) accepted penetrating keratoplasty with keratoprosthesis,and the vision got to 0.1 finally.Four cases(5 eyes) remained corneal leukoma,and because of optic nerve contused wound,the vision was only 0.2-0.3.Conclusion Automotive air bag can cause a variety of ocular trauma including corneal closed injuries and vision-threatening ocular posterior segment injuries.Furthermore,anterior segment injuries can delay the diagnosis and therapy of posterior segment injuries.So it is necessary for ophthalmologists to diagnose and treat the injuries earlier.