海拔3700 m移居青年睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征患病率调查

目的了解高原移居青年睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(SAHS)的患病率,为制定该病的防治策略提供依据。方法对移居海拔3 7 0 0 m的某部官兵进行睡眠问卷调查,分别统计不同年龄、移居高原不同时间、进入高原不同次数人群中打鼾的发生率,并对被调查者白天的嗜睡情况进行评分。结果在调查的433人中打鼾的发生率为48.96%,其中中、重度打鼾者占16.86%。随着移居时间的延长,鼾症发生率有不同程度的增加,尤其是移居6个月以上青年轻、重度打鼾发生率增高明显(χ2=12.774,P=0.047)。进入高原环境1次以上者较首次进入高原者打鼾发生率有所增高,尤其是轻、中度鼾症较为明显,但在统计学上无显著性意义(χ2=7.295,P=0.063)。不同程度的打鼾患者,日间的嗜睡评分有非常显著性差异(F=16.765,P=0.000)。结论如果仅依日间Epworth嗜睡量表(ESS)评分≥9分为标准,保守估计海拔3 700 m高原移居青年SAHS的患病率为11.55%,是影响高原移居者健康的重要问题之一,应当引起足够的重视。

Prevalence of Sleep Apnea-hypopnea Syndrome in Immigrants at an Altitude of 3 700 Meters

Objective To investigate the prevalence of sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome(SAHS) in the immigrants at 3 700 meters' altitude.Methods A total of 459 subjects were derived from a randomized sampling from the population living at an altitude of 3 700 meters.They were asked to answer the questions from a questionnaire concerning snoring,daytime sleepiness,the duration and times of high altitude exposure,and habits such as smoking and drinking,etc.The prevalence of SAHS was estimated from the results.Results Out of the whole 459 subjects,433(97.25%) answered the questions.The prevalence of ever-snoring was 48.96%(moderate and severe ones accounting for 16.86%).The duration and time of high altitude exposure were associated with the severity of snoring,particularly in those with mild and moderate snoring.ESS was significantly different among snorers with various severities.Conclusion According to the ESS≥9,the conservatively estimated prevalence of SAHS at an altitude of 3 700 meters was 11.55%.It might be a great problem to the immigrants.The questionnaire implies that the disease needs better understanding and studying.