部分地区成人流行性乙型脑炎病例经济负担调查分析

目的了解山东省淄博市和河南省洛阳市成人流行性乙型脑炎（乙脑）病例的经济负担。方法将两市≥40岁的乙脑住院病例作为成人乙脑病例，调查2009年、2010年成人乙脑病例住院期间和住院前就诊的各种花费，以及病例因生病需要陪护、探视所需时间和直接花费；回顾调查2009年成人乙脑病例出院1年后的健康情况，询问与后遗症相关治疗所需时间和花费，以及每天照顾病例所需时间等。结果成人乙脑病例中，农民占71％，出院时留有后遗症的占31．9％。成人乙脑病例急性期住院直接费用平均为17959．1元，在急性期的总费用（包括非直接费用）平均为22673．7元。有后遗症的成人乙脑病例1年后，因后遗症导致的总费用平均为25084．8元。结论乙脑病例急性期的直接费用是农民年收入的2．45倍；涵盖急性期非直接费用后，总费用接近于两市2009年的平均工资水平。不论在急性期，还是后遗症恢复期，成人乙脑病例造成的经济负担均非常高。

Economic Burden of the Adult Japanese Encephalitis Cases in Two Prefectures

Objective To understand the economic burden of the Japanese encephalitis （JE） cases in two prefectures （Zibo in Shandong Province and Luoyang in Henan Province）. Methods The JE cases≥ 40 years old （regard as the adult JE cases） were investigated in the two prefectures in year 2009 and 2010. All the hospitalization and pre-hospitalization costs for JE treatment in the acute phase, the money and time consuming for nursing and visiting the JE cases during the hospitalization were collected. The retrospective investigation for the adult JE cases hospitalized in year 2009 was conducted. The health status one year after discharging and the costs including the money and time consuming for treating the sequelae and nursing the cases with sequelae were investigated. Results Among the adult JE cases, 71% were peasants and 31.9% of them with sequelae when discharging from the hospital The average direct cost of the adult JE cases in the acute phase was RMB 17,959.1Yuan. The total cost （including the indirect cost） in the acute phase was 22,673.7 Yuan. For the adult JE cases with sequelae, the total cost for treating and nursing was averaged to 25,084.8 Yuan one year after onset. Conclusions The direct cost in the acute phase was 2.45 times of the average annual income of peasants. With the indirect cost included, the total cost was almost same as the averaged annual salary in the two prefectures. Either in the acute phase or in the sequelae recovery phase, the economic burden of adult JE cases was very high.