甲状旁腺素的生物学研究与成骨作用

甲状旁腺素(PTH)是由甲状旁腺主细胞合成分泌的、含有84个氨基酸的碱性单链多肽,是调节血钙、磷水平的主要激素之一,可促使血钙水平升高,血磷水平下降。PTH可精细调节骨的合成、分解代谢,对成骨细胞和破骨细胞的分化、成熟、凋亡发挥重要作用。本文综述了PTH的化学结构、生理作用、生物学研究成果及PTH的临床应用。PTH对Ⅰ型骨质疏松(绝经后骨质疏松症)、Ⅱ型骨质疏松(老年骨质疏松症)、雌激素缺乏的年轻妇女及糖皮质激素所致的骨质疏松症均有治疗作用,能显著升高骨密度,并能降低患者骨质疏松性骨折发生率,加速骨折愈合。甲状旁腺素在临床骨质疏松治疗、骨质疏松性骨折的治疗中都具有重要的应用价值。

Biological research and osteogenesis of parathyroid hormone

Parathyroid hormone (PTH) was a single-chain polypeptide with 84 amino acids synthesized by parathyroid host cells. It was one of the major hormones regulating serum calcium and phosphorus levels . It could promote the increase of serum calcium , decrease blood phosphorus levels. PTH could adjust the synthesis of bone, catabolism narrowly, PTH played an important role in the differentiation, maturation and apoptosis of osteoblasts and osteoclasts. This paper reviewed the chemical structure, physiological effects, sharing of biological studies and the clinical application of PTH. PTH had a therapeutic effect on type I osteoporosis (postmenopausal osteoporosis), type II osteoporosis (elderly osteoporosis), estrogen deficiency in young women and glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis . It could significantly increase the bone mineral density, and could reduce the incidence of osteoporotic fractures and accelerate fracture healing. Parathyroid hormone had an important application value in the osteoporosis treatment and osteoporotic fracture treatment in clinical.