Differential expression of vesicular glutamate transporters 1 and 2 may identify distinct modes of glutamatergic transmission in the macaque visual system |
| |
| Affiliation: | 1. Vanderbilt University, Department of Psychology, United States;2. Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, United States;3. Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Department of Psychology, United States;4. Vanderbilt University, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, United States;1. Department of Geriatrics, Hangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Hangzhou 310003, China;2. Department of Respiratory, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 330015, China;3. Department of Respiratory, Hangzhou 310006, China;4. Department of Geriatrics, Hangzhou First People''s Hospital, Hangzhou 310006, China;1. Department of Oral Pathology, Shanghai Ninth People''s Hospital Affiliated Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China;2. Department of Oral Medicine, Shanghai Stomatological Disease Center, Shanghai, China;1. Department of Neurology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Medical Sciences Center, 1300 University Ave, Room 73 Bardeen, Madison, WI 53706, USA;2. Neuroscience Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA;1. University of Michigan School of Nursing, Ann Arbor, MI, USA;2. Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA;3. Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan;4. Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke 329-0498, Japan;5. Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 565-0871, Japan;6. Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki 852-8102, Japan |
| |
| Abstract: | Glutamate is the primary neurotransmitter utilized by the mammalian visual system for excitatory neurotransmission. The sequestration of glutamate into synaptic vesicles, and the subsequent transport of filled vesicles to the presynaptic terminal membrane, is regulated by a family of proteins known as vesicular glutamate transporters (VGLUTs). Two VGLUT proteins, VGLUT1 and VGLUT2, characterize distinct sets of glutamatergic projections between visual structures in rodents and prosimian primates, yet little is known about their distributions in the visual system of anthropoid primates. We have examined the mRNA and protein expression patterns of VGLUT1 and VGLUT2 in the visual system of macaque monkeys, an Old World anthropoid primate, in order to determine their relative distributions in the superior colliculus, lateral geniculate nucleus, pulvinar complex, V1 and V2. Distinct expression patterns for both VGLUT1 and VGLUT2 identified architectonic boundaries in all structures, as well as anatomical subdivisions of the superior colliculus, pulvinar complex, and V1. These results suggest that VGLUT1 and VGLUT2 clearly identify regions of glutamatergic input in visual structures, and may identify common architectonic features of visual areas and nuclei across the primate radiation. Additionally, we find that VGLUT1 and VGLUT2 characterize distinct subsets of glutamatergic projections in the macaque visual system; VGLUT2 predominates in driving or feedforward projections from lower order to higher order visual structures while VGLUT1 predominates in modulatory or feedback projections from higher order to lower order visual structures. The distribution of these two proteins suggests that VGLUT1 and VGLUT2 may identify class 1 and class 2 type glutamatergic projections within the primate visual system (Sherman and Guillery, 2006). |
| |
| Keywords: | VGLUT Primate Visual cortex Lateral geniculate nucleus Superior colliculus Pulvinar |
| 本文献已被 ScienceDirect 等数据库收录！ |
|
