The kinetics of cohesive powder de-agglomeration from three inhaler devices |
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Authors: | Behara Srinivas Ravindra Babu Larson Ian Kippax Paul Morton David A V Stewart Peter |
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Institution: | a Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia b Malvern Instruments, Enigma Business Park, Grovewood Road, Malvern, Worcestershire WR14 1XZ, UK |
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Abstract: | PurposeThe purpose of the current investigation is to understand the kinetics of de-agglomeration (kd) of micronised salbutamol sulphate (SS) and lactohale 300 (LH300) under varying air flow rates (30-180 l min−1) from three dry powder inhaler devices (DPIs), Rotahaler® (RH), Monodose Inhaler® (MI) and Handihaler® (HH).ResultsCumulative fine particle mass vs. time profiles were obtained from the powder concentration, emitted mass and volume percent <5.4 μm, embedded in the particle size distributions of the aerosol at specific times. The rate of de-agglomeration (kd), estimated from non-linear least squares modelling, increased with increasing air flow rates. The kdvs. air flow rate profiles of SS and LH300 were significantly different at high air flow rates. The kd was highest from RH and lowest from MI. Differences in kd between the devices were related to device mode of operation while the differences between the materials were due to the powder bed structure.ConclusionThis approach provided a methodology to measure the rate constant for cohesive powder de-agglomeration following aerosolisation from commercial devices and an initial understanding of the influence of device, air flow rate and material on these rate constants. |
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Keywords: | AIC akaike information criteria AL Aerolizer® BERM bi-exponential rise to maximum CFPM cumulative fine particle mass CFPMmax maximum cumulative fine particle mass CFPMt cumulative fine particle mass at time &ldquo t&rdquo DH Dinkihaler® EMt emitted mass at time &ldquo t&rdquo FPMt fine particle mass at time &ldquo t&rdquo HH Handihaler® kd rate constant for de-agglomeration LH300 lactohale 300 MERM mono-exponential rise to maximum MI Monodose Inhaler® RH Rotahaler® SS salbutamol sulphate |
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