心脏急诊病种变化及护理对策

目的 通过对比1992和2001年的急诊就诊患者情况，了解心脏急诊患者就诊特点与规律的变化，指导我们的护理工作。方法 病例选自1992和2001年2年急诊心内科就诊的全部患者。以描述法着重分析人口学资料，就诊人数和时间的关系以及主要疾病的构成比，并进行对比。结果 2年比较就诊人数明显增加，高发年龄，2年均为60～69岁年龄组。冠心病、高血压、心律失常均为2年患者的主要就诊人群。风湿性心脏病的构成比明显下降。就诊高峰为9：00～11：00，19：00～21：00。结论 对心脏急诊患者就诊分析不但可以为医疗工作提供有价值的资料和可靠的依据，也可为护理工作提供很好的指导，进行有针对性的管理，对提高护理质量，制定与时俱进的护理对策有重要的指导意义。

The Nursing Strategy and Various Derivation of Heart Disease Emergency

Objective The aim of this study was to comprehend the demographic characteristics and diseases of visiting patients in Emergency Room (ER) in order to guide nursing by comparing the demographic characteristics of visiting patients between 1992 and 2001.Methods All visiting patients in ER were included from 0AM Jan 1st,1992 to 24PM Dec 31st,1992 and from 0AM Jan 1st,2001 to 24PM Dec 31st,2001.All data were entered into Access database of ER Case Record Administrative system and were focused on the demographic characteristics,number of patients and the constitution of principal diseases.Results A significant increase of the number of patients was noted in 2001 in comparison with 1992.On the basis of age-group,there was no change in the 30~39 age group,a decrease in the 50~59 and 60-69 age group,and an increase in the rest age groups.The most frequent contracted age was 60~69 age-group in both years.Coronary heart disease was the most frequent disease in both years,while hypertension emergency ranked the 2nd in 2001 from the 3rd in 1992 and arrhythmias ranked the 3rd.Rheumatic heart disease waned significantly.9~11AM and 7~9PM were rush hours for visiting. Conclusions ER epidemiology played an important role in improving nursing and upgrading the nursing strategy.