酪酸梭菌二联活菌散预防肺炎婴幼儿抗生素相关性腹泻的临床观察

目的：观察酪酸梭菌二联活菌散预防肺炎婴幼儿抗生素相关性腹泻的临床效果。方法将103例肺炎患儿采用随机数字表法分为观察组53例和对照组50例，两组均给予抗生素及对症支持治疗，观察组在抗生素应用后间隔2～3 h服用酪酸梭菌二联活菌散，0．5 g／次，3次／d；对照组在患儿出现腹泻时则予酪酸梭菌二联活菌散，0．5 g／次，3次／d。比较两组继发性腹泻发生率、腹泻持续天数、病程、脱水等症状和体征，并进行统计学分析。结果观察组继发性腹泻发生率为13．2％（7／53），对照组为56．0％（28／50），差异有统计学意义（χ^2＝21．00，P＜0．01）。观察组腹泻持续时间和病程均短于对照组（ t＝3．05、4．52，均P＜0．05），脱水发生率低于对照组（χ^2＝6．64，P＜0．01）。结论酪酸梭菌二联活菌散与抗生素间隔应用治疗肺炎，能显著降低婴幼儿抗生素相关性腹泻的发生率。

Clinical efficacy of the preventing antibiotic-associated diarrhea in infant with pneumonia using the live Clos-tridium butyricum and Bifidobacterium combined Powders

Objective To observe and evaluate the efficacy of the preventing antibiotic-associated diarrhea in infant with bacterial pneumonia using the live Clostridium butyricum and Bifidobacterium combined Powders. Methods 103 infants with bacterial pneumonia were randomly divided into the two groups,53 infants as the trial group,another 50 infants as the control group with normal antibacterial therapy,two or three hours afterword the live Clostridium butyricum and Bifidobacterium combined Powders was administered at dose of 0.5g ti-daily in the trial group,After diarrhea taken place,the live Clostridium butyricum and Bifidobacterium combined Powders was adminis-tered at dose of 0.5g ti-daily in the control group,to contrast the rate of secondary diarrhea and clinical efficacy in the two groups.Results The incidence of antibiotic-associated diarrhea was 13.2%（ 7/53 ） in the trial group and 56.0%（28/50） in the control group （χ^2 =21.00,P〈0.01）.There were significant differences between the two groups.Duration of diarrhea and period of treatment in the trial group was obviously shorter than that of the control group,the rate of dehydration in the trial group was lighter than that in the control group（χ^2 =6.64,P〈0.01）. Conclusion The live Clostridium butyricum and Bifidobacterium combined powders with antibacterial therapy at reg-ular intervals can prevent antibiotic-associated diarrhea.It is worthy of preventive application.