微卫星分析在膀胱癌诊断中应用的进一步研究

目的 研究微卫星分析在膀胱癌诊断中的应用价值,并比较该方法与尿细胞学的优缺点。方法 利用前续工作建立的9位点的诊断组合和新筛 选的4个微卫星位点,对143例膀胱病变和非膀胱病变个体的尿沉渣进行盲性分析,同时进行尿细胞学检查,比较二者的结果。结果 89％（97／109）的膀胱癌,86％（6／7）的膀胱内翻性乳头状瘤,3例膀胱炎（共检测7例）和1例不明原因血尿的病人的尿沉渣至少在13个位点中的一个检测出异常,19例非膀胱病变病人的尿沉渣未检测到任何异常。检测到尿沉渣微卫星异常的3例膀胱炎和1例不明原因血尿的病人,其细胞学也提示核异型或可疑癌细胞。在同时进行了尿沉渣微卫星分析和细胞学检查的81例膀胱癌中,细胞学检出率为51％（41／81）,而且主要集中于中晚期病人,微卫星分析的检出率为90％（73／81）,与分期分级无关。12例微卫星分析阴性的膀胱癌病人中,有4例细胞学发现癌细胞。结论 尿沉渣微卫星分析对于膀胱癌的诊断有一定意义。尿沉渣微卫星分析与传统尿细胞学有一定互补作用。

A further study on potential of microsatellite analysis of urine in diagnosis of bladder cancer

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the application value of microsatellite analysis of voided urine in diagnosis of bladder cancer and compare the advantages and disadvantages of this method and urine cytology. METHODS: Thirteen microsatellite markers, including the nine markers used in the authors' previous study and another four new markers, were tested on urine DNA from 143 individuals with or without bladder lesions in a blinded fashion. Urine cytology was applied at the same time. RESULTS: The urine DNA from 89% (97/109) of the patients with bladder cancer, 86% (6/7) of the patients with inverted papilloma of the bladder, 3 out of 7 patients with cystitis and one patient with hematuria of unknown cause showed alterations, at least, in one of the 13 microsatellite markers, while the 19 individuals without bladder lesion had no change at any of these loci. Nucleic atypia or suspicious cancer cells were detected by routine cytology in the urine of the 3 patients with cystitis and one patient with hematuria of unknown cause who showed alterations of microsatellite in their urine sediments. Among the 81 cases of bladder cancer whose urine was examined by both microsatellite analysis and routine cytology, 73 cases (90%), of various stage or grade, were identified by microsatellite analysis, while only 41 cases (51%), mainly at advanced stage, were detected by cytology. Cancer cells were detected in the urine sediments of 4 of the 12 cases that were not identified by microsatellite analysis. CONCLUSION: Microsatellite analysis of urine is useful for detection of bladder cancer. Microsatellite analysis and urine cytology could be complementary to each other.