一氧化氮在大鼠单侧睾丸扭转复位后对侧睾丸早期损伤中的作用

目的：了解单侧睾丸扭转后对侧睾丸早期的病理改变及组织中一氧化氮（NO）含量的变化，阐明NO与对侧睾丸早期损伤之间的关系。方法：将56只青春期前SD大鼠随机分为假手术组和扭转组，每组28只。假手术组将左侧阴囊打开分离暴露睾丸后，不予扭转，即将睾丸再固定于阴囊壁上，并缝合阴囊。扭转组则依Turner法建立左侧睾丸扭转模型，均于扭转4h后复位。两组分别于复位后1h、4h、24h、1周各处死大鼠7只，取右侧睾丸行一氧化氮合酶（NOS）活性、NO含量、丙二醛（MDA）含量检测及病理评分。结果：与假手术组比较，扭转组对侧睾丸的MDA含量、NO含量、NOS活性、病理评分等均有不同程度升高，且生精细胞层数结合精细小管直径所示的预后情况亦较差。结论：单侧睾丸扭转后对侧睾丸早期即可出现继发性损伤，过量NO在单侧睾丸扭转复位后对侧睾丸早期损伤中起主导作用。

Effects of nitric oxide in early mechanism of contralateral testis injury in prepubertal rats with unilateral testicular torsion/detorsion

Objective： To investigate the biochemical and histological changes in contralateral testes of rats with unilateral testicular torsion and elucidate the effects of nitric oxide （NO） in early mechanism of contralateral testis injury. Methods：56 prepubertal Spragne-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 2 groups, 28 tats in each group. Rats in group 1 underwent a sham operation of the left testes under general anaesthesia. Rats in Group 2 underwent a similar operation but the left testes was rotated 720 ° clockwise for 4 h, maintained by fixing the testes to the scrotum, then detorsion was performed. All the right（untwisted） testes were removed from rats at 1 hour, 4 hour, 24 hour, 1 week intervals after surgery, seven rats were taken from each group each time. Then the biochemical parameters such as malondialdehyde （MDA）, nitric oxide （NO）, nitric oxide synthase （NOS） activity were evaluated; histology and seminiferous tubule diameter were assessed. Results：Compared with Group 1 （the sham operation group）, the biochemical parameters and histological grades which were used to show the prognoses of the testicular function in group 2（the torsion/detorsion group） were increased with different levels, and associated with the decreased mean seminiferous tubule diameter, there were a worse prognoses in group 2. Conclusion： These results suggest the injury of contralateral testes may occur in early time after unilateral testicular torsion/detorsion,and the profuse tissue NO concentration may play a significant role in the contralateral testis.