门静脉高压上消化道出血与季节和昼夜关系的调查分析

目的了解门静脉高压患者发生上消化道出血在一年和一天中的分布情况及护士各班次出血抢救成功率。方法调查1995-2004年10年中因门静脉高压并发上消化道出血的1153例住院患者的临床资料,将出血发生月份、时间和出血抢救成功率-进行总结分析比较。结果一年中,3月和10月为出血发生最高月份,1-4月为出血高发月份,6~9月为出血低发月份;一天24 h中,晚、夜间出血发生率高于日间,其中又以6:00~7:00为最高;白班出血抢救成功率(90.75%)明显高于夜班(81.84%),P<0.01;护士三班中,小夜班(84.75%)和大夜班(83.75%)出血抢救成功率明显低于白班(91.36%),P<0.05。结论门静脉高压性上消化道出血的发生与季节变换有关,在一天24 h中呈规律性变化,不同护士班次上消化道出血抢救成功率差异存在显著性。

Nursing and analysis for the relationship between occurrence of upper gastrointestinal bleeding due to portal hypertension in seasons and in day or night

Objective To study the occurrence time regularity of upper gastrointestinal bleeding due to portal hypertension in one year and one day and the rate of successful rescue of nurses in different shifts.Methods The bleeding time,month and the rate of successful rescue of 1 153 patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding due to portal hypertension(1995-2004) were summarized and analysed. Results In one year,the occurrence of upper gastrointestinal bleeding had increased tendency during January to April.The peak point appeared in March and October.In one day,the bleeding incidence during evening and night was higher than that in daytime,compared the incidence in each hour,the highest was from 6 clock to 7 clock.The rate of successful rescue in daytime(90.75%) was obviously higher than that in night time(81.84%)(P<0.01);and which showed the similarity according to the three schedule of the nurse(P<0.05),the successful rescue of short night shift(84.75%) and long shift(83.75%) was obviously lower than that in day shift((91.36%)).Conclusion The occurrence of upper gastrointestinal bleeding due to portal hypertension was related with season changes,and showed a regular variance in one day of 24 h.There is significant difference for the rate of successful rescue of upper gastrointestinal bleeding due to the time of bleeding of different nursing shift.