599名江苏农村孕产妇性病／艾滋病防治知识和生殖道患病情况调查

目的了解江苏农村孕产妇性病／艾滋病防治知识知晓情况和生殖道患病情况，以便制订针对性的防治策略和措施。方法自制性病／艾滋病防治知识调查表，逐级培训调查员，按照分阶段抽样，在淮安、盐城两市抽取两个县，2006年4月至2007年12月在每个县抽取300名孕产妇进行性病／艾滋病防治知识、相关行为及生殖道感染情况调查。结果农村孕产妇性病／艾滋病防治知识知晓率很低，除了听说过性病、梅毒的人数超过60％，调查的其他性病和艾滋病知晓率均在20％以下；对性病／艾滋病传播途径如与性病患者握手是否会传染、与性病患者一同游泳或洗澡是否会传染、艾滋病母亲哺乳是否会将艾滋病传播给婴儿的知晓率均在20％以下。性病／艾滋病常见症状知晓率较低，性病患者可能出现尿急尿痛、性病患者可能出现生殖器部分溃烂、性病患者可能出现全身皮疹、性病患者生殖器部位长赘生物、艾滋病患者早期可能发热消瘦腹泻等知晓率均在11％以下。安全套对性病／艾滋病的预防作用的知晓率为7．0％；高中以上与初中以下学历孕产妇对性病／艾滋病防治知识知晓率有统计学差异（x^2=13．01，P〈0．01）；孕产妇累计生殖道感染率达10．8％。结论农村孕产妇的性病／艾滋病知识知晓率较低，应该加强健康教育，发挥电视、广播等媒体作用，控制性病／艾滋病经孕产妇传播。

Investigation an STDs/AIDS related knowledge and prevalence of reproductive tract diseases in 599 pregnant women in rural areas of Jiangsu Province

Objective To understand the situation of STDs/AIDS related knowledge and reproductive tract diseases in pregnant women in rural areas, and to provide the basis for developing corresponding intervention measures. Methods Two counties were sampled in first stage, and 300 pregnant women form each county were sampled to conduct the survey with standard methods from April, 2006 to December, 2007. Results The awareness rate of related knowledge on STDs/ AIDS were very low. Over 60% of the participants heard of syphilis, but less than 20% of them knew AIDS and other STDs. Less than 20% of the women were able to answer related questions correctly, including ＂handshakes lead to transmission＂, ＂using the same swimming pool or bathtub lead to transmission＂ and ＂breasffeeding could transmit HIV from mother to child＂ . Less than 11% of them knew the common symptoms of STDs/AIDS, which included urgent micturition and dysuria urodynia, reproductive organs ulcers, vegetation, and skin rash for STDs, and emaciation, fever, and diarrhea for the early stage of AIDS. 7.0% of the women understood the function of condom to prevent STDs/AIDS. There was a significant difference in knowledge between those who had a senior middle high school degree and those who received lower than junior middle high school education （ X^2 = 13. 01, P 〈0. 01 ）. The accumulative rate of reproductive tract infection was 10. 8%. Conclusion Pregnant women in rural areas had less knowledge of STDs/AIDS. Health education with the help of television and broadcast should be needed and urgent to prevent STDs/AIDS transmitting from pregnant women.