2005年云南省肾综合征出血热监测研究

目的进一步掌握云南省‘肾综合征出血热（HFRS）的流行特点，为防治提供依据。方法收集全省HFRS疫情资料，并在监测点采集人群血清、鼠血清和鼠类肺脏做汉坦病毒抗体和抗原榆测。结果2005年全省共报告HFRS46例，年发病率为0．103／10万，无死亡病例。主要发病地区为大理州、昆明市、红河州。在国家级监测点泸西县、省级监测点寻甸县和永胜县捕获鼠类8种713只，其中居民区以黄胸鼠和褐家鼠为优势鼠种，野外以高山姬鼠为优势鼠种；鼠间带汉坦病毒率为3．22％（23／713），带病毒鼠种为褐家鼠、黄胸鼠、高山姬鼠、大绒鼠、臭朐鼯；采集鼠血清262份、人血清407份进行抗体检测，阳性率分别为4．96％（13／262）和3．19％（13／407）。其中，泸西县春夏季健康人群隐性感染率为3．00％（3／100），秋季为5．13％（4／78），秋季感染率明显高于春夏季。结论进一步证实云南省存在以褐家鼠和黄胸鼠为主要宿主的家鼠型HFRS疫源地，也存在着以高山姬鼠和大绒鼠为主的姬鼠型疫源地。近几年发病率的上升与较高的鼠密度和鼠间汉坦病毒普遍感染有关。

Monitoring of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in Yunnan province, China, 2005

Objective To understand epidemiological characteristic of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome（HFRS） and provide information for control and prevention of HFRS in Yurman province. Methods The data of cases of HFRS was collected in Yunnan province and human sera, the lung tissue and sera of rodents were collected in the surveillance counties. Then the antibody and antigen of Hantavirus was detected. Results The 46 cases had been reported in Yunnan province in 2005. The incident rate was 0. 103/100 000. The main attacking areas were Dali prefecture, Kunming city and Honghe prefecture. The 8 species of 713 rodents had been captured and the 262 rodent sera and 407 human sera had been collected in Luxi, Xundian and Yongsheng counties where are surveillance areas. Rattus norvegicus and R. flavipectus were the dominant species in human living areas and Apodeznus chevrieri was the dominant species in the fields. The Hantavirus carrying rate was 3.22%（23/713） in rodents and the rodents carrying virus were R. norvegicus, R.flavipectus, A. chevrieri, Eothenomys miletus and Suncus murinus. The positive rate of the antibody in human and rodent was 3.19% （13/407） and 4.96% （13/262） respectively. The latent infected rate was 3.00% （3/100） in Luxi county in the spring and summer. However the rate was 5.13% （4/78） in the autumn. So the rate was higher in the spring and summer than that in the fall. Conclusion There are the Rattus epidemic loci with the main hosts of R. norvegicus and R. flavipectus and there are also the Apodernus epidemic loci with the main hosts of A. agrarius and E. miletus in the surveillance areas. The increasing incident rate is related to the high rodents density and the rate of infected virus in the rodents.