Prolongation of sciatic nerve blockade by in situ cross-linked hyaluronic acid |
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Authors: | Jia Xinqiao Colombo Gaia Padera Robert Langer Robert Kohane Daniel S |
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Affiliation: | Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. |
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Abstract: | Controlled release technology has been applied extensively in providing prolonged duration local anesthesia. Here we used modified hyaluronic acids (HAs; hydrazide and aldehyde) that cross-link upon mixing, as the vehicle for bupivacaine. We assessed the formulations' efficacy and biocompatibility in a rat model of sciatic nerve blockade. We found that 2% (w/v) cross-linked HA doubled the duration of block of 0.1%, 0.25%, and 0.5% (w/v) bupivacaine, without a statistically significant increase in myotoxicity. 1% (w/w) cross-linked HA also prolonged nerve block, but unmodified HA, and both modified HAs did not. HA itself was associated with a mild to moderate inflammatory response with macrophages and lymphocytes. Cross-linked HA is an effective and biocompatible vehicle for enhancing local anesthetic efficacy. |
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