学龄前儿童膳食营养素摄入与头发微量元素的相关性分析

目的 研究南宁市3~6岁学龄前儿童膳食营养素摄入对头发部分微量元素含量的影响,为今后评估幼儿营养状况及指导学龄前儿童合理膳食提供依据。 方法 于2016年12月对南宁市3所幼儿园201名3~6岁学龄前儿童进行营养调查,并测定幼儿头发中铜、锌、铁、钙、镁的含量。 结果 201名学龄前儿童头发中铜、铁、钙、镁和锌含量分别为(19.48±7.80)μg/g、(28.04±15.36)μg/g、(419.18±175.48)μg/g、(33.48±18.52)μg/g和(151.12±57.10)μg/g,不同性别学龄前儿童头发中铜、锌、铁、钙和镁含量差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),不同年龄学龄前儿童头发中铜含量存在差异(P<0.05)。膳食中的蛋白质、碳水化合物、硫胺素、尼克酸、维生素E、磷、镁、铁、锌、锰与发铜含量呈正相关(P<0.05),胡萝卜素、锰与发镁含量呈正相关,脂肪与发镁含量呈负相关(P<0.05),能量、蛋白质、碳水化合物、胡萝卜素、尼克酸、维生素E、镁、铁、锌、锰与发锌呈正相关(P<0.05),脂肪、维生素C与发钙含量呈负相关(P<0.05)。 结论 膳食摄入的营养成分与3~6岁学龄前儿童头发中的微量元素存在一定相关性,头发中微量元素铜和锌易受多种膳食营养成分的影响。

Correlation between dietary nutrient intake andhair trace element in preschoolers

Objective To study the effect of dietary nutrient intake on the contents of trace elements in hair of preschoolers aged 3-6 years in Nanning City, and to provide a basis for evaluating the preschoolers’ nutritional status and guiding their reasonable dietary. Methods A nutritional survey was conducted among 201 preschoolers aged 3-6 years in three kindergartens in Nanning City in December, 2016, and the contents of hair copper, zinc, iron, calcium and magnesium in the preschoolers were determined. Results The average contents of hair copper, iron, calcium, magnesium and zinc in the preschoolers were (19.48±7.80) μg/g, (28.04±15.36) μg/g, (419.18±175.48) μg/g, (33.48±18.52) μg/g and (151.12±57.10) μg/g respectively. Statistically significant differences were found in the contents of hair copper, iron, calcium, magnesium and zinc between male and female preschoolers (P<0.05) as well as in the content of copper among preschoolers of different ages(P<0.05). The protein, carbohydrate, thiamine, niacin, vitamin E, phosphorus, magnesium, iron, zinc and manganese in dietary were positively correlated with the content of hair copper (P<0.05). Carotene and manganese were positively correlated with the content of hair magnesium (P<0.05), while fat was negatively correlated with it (P<0.05). Energy, protein, carbohydrate, carotene, niacin, vitamin E, magnesium, iron, zinc and manganese were positively correlated with the content of hair zinc (P<0.05), while fat and vitamin C were negatively correlated with the content of hair calcium (P<0.05). Conclusions There is a correlation between dietary nutrient intake and hair trace elements in the preschoolers aged 3-6 years. Hair trace elements copper and zinc are susceptible to various dietary nutrients.