7岁儿童乳牙龋齿对第一恒磨牙患龋的影响

目的 研究乳牙龋齿对第一恒磨牙患龋率的影响。 方法 2016年11月整群随机抽样选择珠海市区三所小学一年级7岁儿童开展口腔龋齿检查,将有乳牙龋齿的学生作为乳牙龋齿组,乳牙无龋齿的作为对照组,回顾性队列研究比较两组第一恒磨牙龋患率;分析第一恒磨牙的龋齿数与乳牙龋齿数相关性;比较第一恒磨牙在不同萌出阶段的龋患率。 结果 三所小学7岁儿童第一恒磨牙萌出率92.5%,第一恒磨牙龋齿率为13.5%,第一恒磨牙龋均为(1.99±1.06)。乳牙龋齿率61.93%,乳牙龋均(4.35±2.67)。女生第一恒磨牙龋齿率18.54%,男生第一恒磨牙龋齿率9.06%,女生第一恒磨牙龋齿率高于男生(χ²=11.453,P=0.001)。女生乳牙龋齿率66.67%,男生乳牙龋齿率57.87%,女生乳牙龋齿率高于男生(χ²=5.68,P=0.017)。回顾性队列研究显示乳牙龋齿组相对于对照组发生第一恒磨牙龋齿的相对危险度(RR=3.18,95%CI:1.84～5.51),在女生中(RR=4.15,95%CI:1.84～9.36),男生乳牙龋齿组和对照组第一恒磨牙龋齿率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。第一恒磨牙龋齿数与乳牙龋齿数正相关(r=0.308,P=0.003)。第一恒磨牙在萌出第1个时龋齿率最高(44.4%)。 结论 7岁儿童的乳牙龋齿是第一恒磨牙患龋的危险因素。在第一恒磨牙刚萌出时应该采取预防控制措施。

Association of primary teeth caries with caries of the first permanent molar among children aged 7 years

Objective To study the association of primary teeth caries with caries of the first permanent molar. Methods A cluster random sampling method was used to select first-grade pupils aged 7 years in three primary schools in urban areas of Zhuhai City for teeth caries examination in November 2016.Pupils with caries of primary teeth were defined as the exposure group, whereas ones without caries of primary teeth served as the control group. Retrospective cohort study was conducted to compare the prevalence rates of caries of the first permanent molar between the two groups.The association between the number of caries of the first permanent molar and the number of primary teeth caries was analyzed. And the prevalence rates of caries of the first permanent molar in different eruption stages were compared. Results The eruption rate of the first permanent molars in the pupils aged 7 years from the three primary schools was 92.5%. The prevalence rate of caries of the first permanent molar and the average decayed, missing and filled teeth (DMFT) were 13.5% and (1.99±1.06) respectively. The prevalence rate of primary teeth caries and the average decayed, missing and filled teeth (DMFT) were 61.93% and (4.35±2.67) respectively. The prevalence rates of caries of the first permanent molar and primary teeth caries were both higher in girls than in boys (18.54% vs. 9.06%, χ²=11.453, P=0.001; 66.67% vs. 57.87%, χ²=5.68, P=0.017). Retrospective cohort study showed that the relative risk (RR) of caries of the first permanent molar in the primary teeth caries group was 3.18(95%CI:1.84-5.51)as compared with the control group. The RR in girls was 4.15(95%CI:1.84-9.36). Among boys, the prevalence rate of caries of the first permanent molar showed no statistically significant difference between the primary teeth caries group and the control group (P>0.05). The number of caries of the first permanent molar was positively correlated with the number of primary teeth caries (r=0.308, P=0.003). The prevalence rate of caries of the first permanent molar was found to be the highest at first eruption stage(44.4%). Conclusions Dental caries in primary teeth of children aged 7 years is a risk factor of caries of the first permanent molar. Preventive measures should be taken when the first permanent molar is erupted.