上海市金山区50岁以上人群中甲状腺结节患者B超检查特点分析

目的 了解上海市金山区50岁以上人群甲状腺结节患者结节特点并据此提出健康干预和防治建议。 方法 2013年1-12月,通过分层整群随机抽样,对该区5个乡镇下属的13个居委会或村的2 362名50岁以上的居民进行问卷调查和甲状腺B超检查,运用SPSS 22.0进行数据分析。 结果 甲状腺结节患病率为40.6%,女性患病率(45.5%)显著高于男性(33.0%)(P<0.05);随年龄组增大,多发结节在50~岁、60~岁和70~岁人群中的比例依次为29.2%、32.0%和41.9%,呈升高趋势(P<0.05);60~岁(32.2%)和70~岁(42.1%)人群的双侧结节的比例高于50~岁(28.8%)(P<0.05);60~岁(23.4%)结节介于良恶性之间的比例高于50~岁(14.4%)(P<0.05)。 结论 金山区50岁以上人群甲状腺结节患病率女性高于男性,多发结节比例随年龄组增大呈现上升趋势,结节处于良恶性之间的患者比例较高,需引起卫生行政部门和医疗机构的重点关注。

Type-B ultrasonic characteristics of patients with thyroid nodule in residents aged 50 years and above in Jinshan District of Shanghai Municipality

Objective To investigate the nodule characteristics of patients with thyroid nodules among residents aged 50 yeas and above in Jinshan District of Shanghai Municipality and to put forward health intervention, prevention and treatment suggestions. Methods A questionnaire survey and type-B ultrasonic examination were conducted in 2,362 residents aged 50 years and above and selected by stratified cluster random sampling in 13 residential committees or villages of 5 towns in Jinshan District of Shanghai Municipality from January to December in 2013. And SPSS22.0 software was applied to analyzing the data. Results The prevalence rate of thyroid nodule was 40.6%, and the prevalence rate was significantly higher in the females than in the males (45.5% vs. 33.0%, P<0.05). The constituent ratios of multiple nodules in residents aged 50-, 60- and 70- years were 29.2%, 32.0% and 41.9% respectively, and showed a rising trend with increasing age (P<0.05). The proportions of bilateral nodular of residents aged 60- (32.2%) and 70- years (42.1%) were both higher than that of residents aged 50- years (28.8%)(P<0.05). The proportion of nodules between benignancy and malignancy was higher in the residents aged 60- years than in the ones aged 50- years (23.4% vs. 14.4%, P<0.05). Conclusions Among residents aged 50 years and above in Jinshan District of Shanghai Municipality in 2013, the prevalence rate of thyroid nodule was higher in the females than in the males. The constituent ratio of multiple nodules showed an upward trend with increasing age, and the proportion of residents with nodules between benignancy and malignancy was high. Therefore, health administrative departments and medical institutions should pay more attention to these people.