鄂州市精准扶贫对象因病致贫病因分析

目的 了解鄂州市精准扶贫对象中因病致贫人员疾病构成,为从根本上解决此类家庭贫困提供依据。方法 本文通过收集2016年度该市“全国健康扶贫数据信息系统”中填报的所有建档立卡精准扶贫对象疾病信息,对《健康扶贫工程“三个一批”行动计划 》中纳入的45个重点疾病进行汇总分析。结果 2016年该市登记在册的精准扶贫户共20 961户,51 155人。身体健康者25 728人,占50.29%,因病致贫者16 470人,占32.20%,因残致贫者8 957人,占17.51%;以家庭为单位,13 313户因病致贫,占63.51%;因病致贫者中,居前五位的疾病依次为重性精神疾病、脑血管病、类风湿性关节炎、关节病(髋、膝)及糖尿病,分别为12.29%、9.17%、3.28%、2.56%及2.38%。结论 重大疾病及慢性非传染性疾病是现阶段导致居民贫困的主要原因,特别是重性精神疾病及脑血管病占21.46%,是致贫的主要疾病,急需出台针对性措施,从根本上解决此类家庭贫困的根源。

Disease distribution of residents impoverished by diseases among targeted-measured poverty alleviation subjects in Ezhou City

Objective To investigate the disease distribution of residents impoverished by diseases among targeted-measured poverty alleviation subjects in Ezhou City so as to provide evidence for solving the problem of poverty for this group of households from the root. Methods We collected diseases information concerning all targeted-measured poverty alleviation subjects with archives and cards and reported through the National Health Assist Poverty Information System in Ezhou City in 2016, and conducted a summary and analysis on 45 major diseases included in Action Plan for “Three Batches” of the Health Poverty Alleviation Project. Results A total of 20,961 households and 51,155 subjects were registered during targeted-measured poverty alleviation campaign in Ezhou City in 2016. Among them, 25,728 (50.29%) subjects were healthy, 16,470 (32.20%) were impoverished by diseases, and 8,957 (17.51%) were impoverished by disability. Based on the family unit, 13,313 (63.51%) households were impoverished by diseases. Among the subjects impoverished by diseases, the top five diseases were severe mental illness, cerebrovascular disease, rheumatoid arthritis, arthropathy (hip or knee) and diabetes, with the percentages being 12.29%, 9.17%, 3.28%, 2.56% and 2.38% respectively. Conclusions Critical illnesses and chronic non-communicable diseases are main causes of residents’ poverty at the present stage, especially severe mental illness and cerebrovascular disease, which account for 21.46%, are the major illnesses to cause poverty. Thus it is of urgent need to develop targeted measures and radically solve the problem of poverty for these households.