医生工作倦怠及其与职业紧张的关系

 目的 探讨医生工作倦怠及其与职业紧张的关系。方法 采用横断面调查方法，于2010年10月至11月随机抽取辽宁省具有代表性的3个大、中、小城市的6所综合医院工作6个月以上的373名医生进行自填式问卷调查。应用工作倦怠问卷（MBI-GS）测量医生的工作倦怠，应用工作内容问卷（JCQ）和付出-回报失衡问卷（ERI）测量医生的职业紧张。结果 医生工作倦怠平均得分情感衰竭为11.80±6.94、消极怠慢为6.22±5.45。按照多元回归分析标准化系数的顺序，影响医生情绪衰竭的职业紧张因素依次为：外在付出、内在投入、决策自主、心理要求；影响消极怠慢的因素为：外在付出、回报和内在投入。结论 医生职业紧张对工作倦怠有显著影响，应降低医生职业紧张程度，改善医生的工作倦怠，提高其生命质量及医疗服务质量。

Job Burnout and Occupational Stress among Doctors

Objective To explore the relationship between job burnout and occupational stress aiming at improving the doctors’ mental and physical health and increasing their life quality.Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted during the period of October to November,2010.The study population comprised 373 doctors worked more than 6 months from six hospitals of Liaoning province.Maslach burnout inventory-general survey(MBI-GS) were used to measure job burnout.Occupational stress was measured by job content questionnaire(JCQ) and effort-reward imbalance questionnaire(ERI).Results The mean MBI scores were 11.80±6.94 for emotional exhaustion and 6.22±5.45 for cynicism.In the sequence of standardized coefficients,job burnout was associated with extrinsic effort,overcommitment,decision authority and psychological job demands for emotional exhaustion;extrinsic effort,reward,overcommitment for cynicism.Conclusion Occupational stress has significant effect on job burnout among doctors.Occupational stress should be reduced aiming at improving the doctors’ job burnout,increasing their life quality and medical service quality.