我国9城市10386例健康成人肺功能影响因素的相关性分析

目的 调查我国健康成人肺功能的影响因素.方法 采用随机、分层和整群抽样方法,于2008至2011年间对沈阳市、北京市、朝阳市、抚顺市、鞍山市、本溪市、成都市、广州市、上海市9城市18个社区10 386人进行统一的问卷调查、体格检查,并进行肺功能检查.不同性别、年龄、身高、体质量、吸烟情况、被动吸烟情况的比较采用双向相关分析.结果 男性FEV1及FVC明显高于女性(r值分别为0.497、-0.261;P＜ 0.05),但FEV 1/FVC低于女性(r=0.037;P＜0.05);随年龄增大,FEV1、FVC、FEV1/FVC逐渐下降(r值分别为-0.463、-0.426、-0.047;P＜ 0.05);身高增加则FEV1、FVC、FEV1/FVC增大(r值分别为0.320、0.298、0.036;P＜ 0.05);吸烟量(包/年)越大,FEV1、FVC值越大(r值分别为0.021、0.034;P＜0.05),FEV1/FVC越小(r=-0.024;P＜ 0.05).体质量及被动吸烟情况与FEV1、FVC、FEV1/FVC无明显相关性(P＞0.05).吸烟对肺功能的影响上,56～60岁、81～85岁时吸烟与FEV1/FVC呈负相关(r分别为-0.062、-0.200,P＜ 0.05);71～75岁吸烟与FEV1呈负相关(r=-0.076,P=0.022).结论 健康成人肺功能水平受吸烟影响,应避免长期大量吸烟.

Analysis on Influencing Factors of Lung Function of Healthy Adults:10 386 Cases of 9 Cities in China

Objective To investigate the factors influencing lung function of healthy adults in China.Methods Using uniform questionnaire,physical examination,and pulmonary function tests,a survey of 10 386 residents was performed in 18 communities of Shenyang,Chaoyang,Fushun,Anshan,Benxi,Chengdu,Guangzhou and Shanghai during 2008~2011 by stratified-cluster random sampling.The bidirectional correlation analysis was used for the comparison on aspects of gender,age,height,weight,smoking habit and passive smoking.Results The FEV1 and FVC of males were significantly higher than those of females(r =-0.497,-0.261),but FEV1/FVC was lower than that of females(r =0.037).FEV1,FVC and FEV1/FVC were gradually decreased(r =-0.463,-0.426,-0.047)as the age increased.FEV1,FVC and FEV1/FVC went way up as height increased(r =0.320,0.298,0.036);so as FEV1 and FVC with smoking(r =0.021,0.034,P < 0.05),but FEV1/FVC decreased on the contra(r =-0.024,P < 0.05).Weight and passive smoking were not related to FEV1,FVC and FEV1/FVC(P > 0.05).The effect of smoking on lung function appeared after the age of 56 years:the negative correlation of smoking with FEV1/FVC was shown in 56-60 years old(r =-0.062,P =0.011),with FEV1 in 71-75 years old(r =-0.076,P =0.022),and with FEV1/FVC in 81-85 years old(r =-0.200,P =0.006).Conclusion Smoking affects lung function in healthy adults,so long-term heavy smoking should be avoided and abolished.