不同劳动类型职工个体特征与工作能力关系研究

目的　探索不同劳动类型、性别、年龄、文化程度、工龄和婚姻状况职工工作能力的变化。方法　应用工作能力指数 (WAI)量表 ,对四川省不同劳动类型的男性 3413例、女性 2 2 35例共计 5 6 4 8例职工进行分析。结果　 1经 t检验分析 ,男性和女性职工工作能力差异有显著性 (P<0 .0 1) ,不同的劳动类型 (体力、体脑混合、脑力 )职工在不同性别间工作能力均有显著性差异 (P<0 .0 5 ) ;总均分及体力、体脑混合劳动者女性高于男性 (P<0 .0 1) ,但脑力劳动者男性高于女性 (P<0 .0 5 ) ;2经两维方差分析 ,男性和女性均为 :不同年龄段、不同文化程度、不同工龄段、不同婚姻状况职工工作能力差异有显著性 (P<0 .0 1) ,不同的劳动类型 (体力、体脑混合、脑力 )职工在不同年龄段间、不同文化程度间、不同工龄段、不同婚姻状况间工作能力均有显著性差异 (P<0 .0 1) ;经两两比较 ,不同年龄分组 WAI得分 ,除 30岁～和 4 0岁～组无差异 (P>0 .0 5 )外 ,随年龄增长工作能力下降。不同文化程度分组 WAI得分 ,中学和大学文化程度高于小学文化程度 (P<0 .0 5 ) ;不同工龄分组 WAI得分 ,除 10年～组和 2 0年～组无差异 (P>0 .0 5 )外 ,随工龄增加工作能力下降 (P<0 .0 5 ) ;不同婚姻状况分组 WAI得分 ,已婚和离异者低于未婚 (P<

Relationship Between the Personal Factors and Work Ability of Different Work Category Workers

OBJECTIVE: To assess the relationship between the personal Factors and work ability of different work category workers. METHODS: A test of work ability in various work category and age group was carried out with work ability index (WAI) for 5648 workers. RESULTS: 1. The score of WAI of physical work, mixed physical and mental work category for female was significantly higher than those for male (P < 0.01), but the score of WAI of mental work category in male was higher than that for female (P < 0.05). 2. Two-way ANOVA for the different sex revealed that the score of WAI of various work category and age group, education category group, work duration Group, marital Status Group was statistically significant difference (P < 0.01). The level of work ability, except that for the age group of 30 yr.- and 40 yr.-, decreased with age (P < 0.05). The score of WAI, except that for the workers of 10 yr.-, and 20 yr.- group, decreased with work duration (P < 0.05). The score of WAI was obviously higher in the secondary and college education category than elementary category (P < 0.05). The score of WAI for the married and divorced was lower than that for the unmarried (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Different measures relevant to the influencing factors should be taken to improve the work ability.