助产士职业暴露防护教育依从性的现状及分析

目的：探讨助产士的职业安全及职业暴露的防护、教育、依从性的现状及防范措施。方法：对近10年来在我院从事过助产工作的助产士,进行回顾性问卷调查。了解她们在助产工作中所发生的职业暴露的种类、方式和自身的防护意识,并对调查结果进行分析。结果：助产士最常发生的职业暴露是在产程监测、接生过程中被羊水、血液、阴道分泌物污染;其次是在给产妇进行会阴缝合、抽脐带血、注射催产素、进行会阴神经干阻滞麻醉等操作时易发生针刺伤。但助产士自身防护的依从性较差,一些防护措施、上报体系也不够健全,一旦发生职业暴露后的相应处理也有欠缺。结论：强化助产士对血源性疾病防护知识的教育,提高助产士在工作中自身防护的依从性;不断完善职业暴露上报体系;对已发生职业暴露的助产士给予有力的帮助,进行相应的处理,能有效地避免或减少助产士被血源性疾病感染。

Study on the compliance of the occupational exposure protection education for midwives

Objective:To study and analyze the current status of protection, education and compliance of occupational exposure of midwives,and to explore the preventive measures for reducing the risk of occupational infection in midwives.Methods:Midwives engaged in midwifery for the last ten years at the hospital were surveyed with questionnaires to study the kinds, occurring ways and their self-protection awareness of their occupational exposure. The survey results were then analyzed.Results:The surveyed midwives considered that the most common occupational exposure was the pollution in the amniotic fluid,blood and vaginal secretions during the birth process monitoring and delivery, and second the pricking wound during the perineal suture,cord blood pumping, oxytocin injection and perineal nerve cord blocking anesthesia. Faced with the severe conditions of occupational exposure, midwives were the high risk crowd of blood transmitted diseases. Conclusion:It was highly required to strengthen the education of preventive knowledge of blood-borne diseases for midwives and enhance their compliance of self-defense during the work; the reporting system for occupational exposure should be further ameliorated and corresponding help for exposed midwives provided to avoid or minimize the blood-borne infections.