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Molecular Evaluation of Colorectal Adenocarcinoma: Current Practice and Emerging Concepts |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA;2. Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, Leiden 2333 ZA, The Netherlands;1. Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA;2. Department of Pathology, Weill Cornell Medical College, 525 East 68th Street, Mailbox #79, F-540, New York, NY 10065, USA;1. Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, 200 West Arbor Drive, La Jolla, CA 92103, USA;2. Division of Anatomic Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, MC 0612, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA |
| Abstract: | Molecular testing in colorectal cancer helps to address multiple clinical needs. Evaluating the mismatch repair pathway status is the most common use for molecular diagnostics and this testing provides prognostic information, guides therapeutic decisions and helps identify Lynch syndrome patients. For patients with metastatic colorectal cancer, testing for activating mutations in downstream components of the EGFR signaling pathway can identify patients who will benefit from anti-EGFR therapy. Emerging molecular tests for colorectal cancer will help further refine patient selection for targeted therapies and may provide new options for monitoring disease recurrence and the development of treatment resistance. |
| Keywords: | Colorectal cancer Targeted therapy Lynch syndrome Microsatellite instability Mismatch repair EGFR pathway Immune checkpoint blockade PD-L1 |
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