18F-FDG PET/CT对骨朗格汉斯细胞组织细胞增生症的鉴别诊断

朗格汉斯细胞组织细胞增生症(LCH)原名组织细胞增生症X,是一组单克隆起源的树突状细胞增生性疾病,此组织细胞具有朗格汉斯细胞的特征,主要以骨质破坏、良性局灶性组织细胞增生和嗜酸性粒细胞浸润为特点。目前LCH发病原因不明,可见于任何年龄,但50%以上病例发生于1~15岁的儿童,可累及多系统及多器官,起病情况不一,严重者可出现广泛的脏器浸润伴发热和体重减轻。以单纯骨破坏为表现的LCH易被误诊,因此笔者选取2例LCH病例,通过对其18F-FDG PET/CT的影像学特征及临床资料进行鉴别诊断,归纳总结诊断思路,以提高影像诊断的准确率。

Differential diagnosis of bone Langerhans cell histiocytosis with 18F-FDG PET/CT

Langerhans cell histiocytosis(LCH),formerly known as histiocytosis X,is a group of monoclone derived dendritic cell proliferative diseases.This histiocyte exhibits the characteristics of Langerhans cells,which primarily include bone destruction,benign focal histiocytosis,and eosinophil infiltration.The cause of the disease remains unknown at present.LCH can occur at any age,but more than 50%of the cases were reported in children aged 1?15 years old and can involve multiple systems and organs.The onset of the disease varies.Severe cases can involve extensive organ infiltration with fever and body weight reduction.LCH with simple bone destruction is easily misdiagnosed,and thus,the author selected two LCH cases through their 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging features and clinical data for differential diagnosis and then summarized the diagnosis idea to improve imaging diagnostic accuracy.