2016—2018年兰州市七里河区居民死因监测结果分析

目的了解2016—2018年兰州市七里河区居民主要死亡情况及主要死因变化趋势,为制定疾病预防措施提供依据。方法利用兰州市七里河区居民全死因监测数据及常住人口信息等资料,运用Excel 2010、SPSS 19.0软件,计算该地区居民主要死因顺位及死亡率变化趋势、潜在减寿年数、平均减寿年数等指标。结果 2016—2018年兰州市七里河区居民年平均死亡率为639.13/10万,男性为741.19/10万,女性为534.92/10万,男、女死亡率差异有统计学意(χ~2=235.718,P<0.05);前五位死因依次为循环系统疾病、肿瘤、呼吸系统疾病、内分泌、营养和代谢疾病、伤害;总人群及男性人群死亡率有下降趋势(P<0.05),总人群中循环系统疾病、呼吸系统疾病及男性人群循环系统疾病死亡率有下降趋势(P<0.05),总人群中内分泌、营养和代谢疾病死亡率有上升趋势(P<0.05);0~<15岁、15~<35岁、35~<65岁、65~岁年龄组首要死因分别为起源于围生期的某些情况、伤害、肿瘤、循环系统疾病;PYLL前五位是肿瘤、循环系统疾病、伤害、呼吸系统疾病和消化系统疾病,AYLL前五位是伤害、消化系统疾病、肿瘤、循环系统疾病和呼吸系统疾病。结论循环系统疾病是2016—2018年兰州市七里河区居民的主要死因,内分泌、营养和代谢疾病死亡率有上升趋势。

Monitoring results of causes of deaths among residents in Qilihe district of Lanzhou city, 2016-2018

Objective To investigate the major deaths and the changing trend of main causes of deaths among residents in Qilihe district of Lanzhou city from 2016 to 2018, and to provide a basis for formulating disease prevention measures. Methods We collected the surveillance data of all death causes of residents and information about permanent residents in Qilihe district of Lanzhou city from 2016 to 2018. Excel 2010 and SPSS 19.0 software were used to calculate the indexes like main causes of deaths, changing trend of mortality rate, potential years of life lost (PYLL) and average years of life lost (AYLL). Results The average annual mortality rate of residents in Qilihe district during 2016-2018 was 639.13/100,000, and the rates in males and females were 741.19/100,000 and 534.92/100,000, respectively, with a statistically significant difference (χ²=235.718, P<0.05). The top five causes of deaths were circulation system disease, tumor, respiratory system disease, endocrine disease, nutritional and metabolic disease, and injury. There were downward trends in the mortality rates of total population and male population (P<0.05), the mortality rates of circulatory system disease and respiratory system disease in total population, and the mortality rate of circulatory system disease in male population (P<0.05). The mortality rates of endocrine disease and nutritional and metabolic disease in total population showed an upward trend (P<0.05). The leading causes of deaths in the groups aged 0-<15, 15-<35, 35-<65 and 65- years were perinatal conditions, injuries, tumor and circulatory system disease, respectively. The top five causes of PYLL were tumor, circulatory system disease, injury, respiratory system disease and digestive system disease. The top five causes of AYLL were injury, digestive system disease, tumor, circulatory system disease and respiratory system disease. Conclusions Circulatory system disease was the main cause of deaths in Qilihe district of Lanzhou city from 2016 to 2018. And the mortality rates of endocrine disease and nutritional and metabolic disease presented upward trends.