基于造血干细胞衰老及造血微环境损伤探讨骨髓抑制机制的研究进展

恶性肿瘤以其高发病率和高致死率严重威胁着人类的健康。化疗是临床治疗恶性肿瘤的有效手段，但常因并发骨髓抑制等副作用而限制其应用效果。骨髓抑制主要分为急性骨髓抑制和长期骨髓损伤两类，急性骨髓抑制主要是骨髓细胞凋亡所致，运用造血生长因子可以迅速得到缓解；但长期骨髓损伤临床缺乏有效的干预方案，严重影响化疗的连续性和治疗效果。因此，本文主要针对长期骨髓损伤，从骨髓造血干细胞衰老及造血微环境损伤两方面入手，查阅该领域近年来相关文献，综述其作用机制和相关通路靶点，为肿瘤基础研究提供文献支持，并为骨髓抑制新药开发提供新的思路。

Research progress of bone marrow inhibition mechanism based on hematopoietic stem cell aging and hematopoietic microenvironment damage

Malignant tumors are seriously threatening human health with its high incidence rate and high mortality rate.Chemotherapy is an effective method in the treatment of malignant tumors,but its application effect is often limited due to the side effects such as myelosuppression.Myelosuppression can be divided into two categories:acute myelosuppression and long-term bone marrow injury.Acute myelosuppression is mainly caused by apoptosis of bone marrow cells,which can be alleviated rapidly by using hematopoietic growth factor.However,there is no effective intervention plan for long-term bone marrow injury,which seriously affects the continuity and therapeutic effect of chemotherapy.Therefore,this paper mainly aims at long-term bone marrow injury,starting from two aspects of bone marrow hematopoietic stem cell aging and hematopoietic microenvironment damage,looking up the relevant literature in this field in recent years,summarizing its mechanism and related pathway target,providing literature support for basic research of tumor,and providing new ideas for the development of new bone marrow suppressive drugs.