循环外泌体PD-L1表达水平与PD-1/PD-L1抑制剂治疗恶性肿瘤疗效的相关性研究现状

外泌体作为具有生物学功能的小囊泡，是近年肿瘤研究领域关注的热点。研究发现，肿瘤细胞分泌的外泌体表达的程序性死亡受体配体1(programmed death ligand 1，PD-L1)，可在肿瘤患者外周血液中检测到，可能参与并抑制机体免疫反应。近年来，一些研究发现，外泌体PD-L1可能影响程序性死亡受体1（programmed death 1，PD-1）/PD-L1抑制剂的抑制效应。反之，亦然。应用PD-1/PD-L1抑制剂治疗，可影响外泌体PD-L1的表达水平。二者有怎样的联系和相关性？本文就循环外泌体PD-L1在不同肿瘤免疫反应及抗PD-1/PD-L1免疫治疗中的研究进展作一综述。

Current status of study on the correlation between the expression of PD-L1 in circulating exosomes and the efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in the treatment of malignant tumors

Exosome，as a small vesicular vesicle with biological function，is a hot topic in the field of tumor research in recent years.It was found that the expression of programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) in exosome secreted by tumor cells can be detected in the peripheral blood of tumor patients and may participate in and inhibit the immune response.In recent years，some studies have found that PD-L1 in exosomes may affect the inhibition effect of programmed death 1 (PD-1)/PD-L1 inhibitor and vice versa.Treatment with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor can affect the expression of PD-L1 in exosomes.What is the relationship and correlation between the two? This article reviews the research progress of PD-L1 in circulating exosomes in different tumor immune response and anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy.