云南省2015年人体肠道原虫感染现状调查

目的了解云南省人体肠道原虫感染现状。方法采用分层整群随机抽样方法,选取10个调查县20个调查点5067人进行调查。采集粪便标本,使用卢戈氏碘液涂片法检查肠道原虫包囊,生理盐水涂片法检查滋养体。应用SPSS 22.0软件进行统计学分析,感染率通过χ^2检验进行比较。结果肠道原虫感染率为3.37%(171例)。共检出7种肠道原虫,分别是人芽囊原虫(1.76%)、哈门氏内阿米巴(0.77%)、微小内蜓阿米巴(0.32%)、溶组织内阿米巴(0.26%)、结肠内阿米巴(0.16%)、布氏嗜碘阿米巴(0.08%)、蓝氏贾第鞭毛虫(0.02%),混合感染率为0.12%(6例)。男、女性感染率分别为3.10%和3.63%,差异无统计学意义(P=0.294)。感染者中以医务人员感染率(20.83%)最高,其次为待业人员(9.30%),不同职业人群肠道原虫感染率差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。独龙族人群肠道原虫感染率(8.21%),纳西族次之(7.69%),不同民族肠道原虫感染率差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。最高感染率主要分布于藏东-川西生态区(5.90%)和藏东南-滇桂粤南部生态区(5.01%),不同生态区肠道原虫感染率差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。香格里拉县最高(10.02%),其次为麻栗坡县(5.74%),不同县(市、区)原虫感染率差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。中等经济水平感染率最高(4.50%),不同经济水平类型地区肠道原虫感染率差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论云南省人体肠道原虫感染率较高,建议有计划的开展健康教育,加强防治知识的宣传,提高群众自我健康保护意识。

Prevalence of human intestinal protozoal infections in Yunnan in 2015

Objective To understand the current status of human intestinal protozoal infections in Yunnan Province. Methods Total 20 survey sites were selected from 10 counties by using a satisfied sampling method, total 5 067 people were investigated. Intestinal protozoan cysts were examined by Lugol's iodine smear method, and the trophozoites were examined by saline smear method. SPSS 22.0 software was used for statistical analysis. The prevalence difference among the different groups of people was compared by χ² test. Results Total 171 people were infected with intestinal protozoa, and overall prevalence of intestinal protozoan infections was 3.37%. 7 kinds of intestinal protozoa were detected, including Blastocyst hominis(1.76%), Entamoeba hartmani (0.77%), Endolimax nana (0.32%), Entamoeba histolytica ( 0.26%), Entamoeba coli(0.16%), Iodamoeba butschlili (0.08%), Giardia lamblia (0.02%) , 6 people(0.12%) were mixed infection. The prevalence of intestinal protozoa in males and females were 3.10% and 3.63%, respectively, without significant difference (P=0.294). In terms of occupation, the highest prevalence of protozoan infections occurred in medical personnel(20.83%), followed by people waiting for employment(9.30%), with significant difference (P<0.001). In terms of ethnic groups, the highest prevalence was found in Dulong population (8.21%), followed by Naxi population (7.69%), with significant difference (P<0.001). The highest prevalence of intestinal protozoan infections was identified in areas of East of Tibet-West Sichuan ecological zone (5.90%), followed by the South of Tibet and Dian-Gui-Yue ecological zone (5.01%) , with significant difference (P<0.001). The highest prevalence of intestinal protozoan infections was identified in Xianggelila County (10.02%), followed by Malipo County (5.74%), with significant difference (P<0.001). In terms of economic level, the highest prevalence was found in middle economic level (4.50%), with significant difference (P<0.001). Conclusion The prevalence of protozoan infections in Yunnan Province is higher. It is suggested that health education should be conducted to strengthen the promotion of prevention knowledge and raise up people's awareness of self-health protection.