自主功能性甲状腺结节的临床诊疗进展

自主功能性甲状腺结节（AFTN）是发生于甲状腺腺体的以良性结节为主的疾病，可表现为甲状腺功能正常、亚临床甲状腺功能亢进（毒性结节前期）和临床甲状腺功能亢进（毒性结节期）。AFTN的治疗方法包括手术治疗、131I治疗和射频消融治疗等。笔者对AFTN的诊断和治疗及其特殊的临床情况（如恶性结节、Marine-Lenhart综合征和131I治疗后诱发的Graves甲状腺功能亢进等）进行综述，为临床工作进一步的开展提供依据。

Progress in the clinical diagnosis and treatment of autonomously functioning thyroid nodule

Autonomously functioning thyroid nodule (AFTN) is a predominantly benign neoplasm presenting in thyroid gland. AFTN can cause a range of functional abnormalities, from euthyroidism to subclinical hyperthyroidism (pre-toxic nodule stage) and overt hyperthyroidism (toxic nodule stage). The treatment methods include surgery treatment, 131I therapy, radiofrequency ablation treatment, etc. This paper reviews the progress in diagnosis and treatment of AFTN and the special clinical conditions (such as malignant nodules, Marine-Lenhart syndrome, Graves hyperthyroidism induced by 131I therapy, etc.) to provide a basis for further clinical application.