南京市实施有效控制肠道线虫病项目防治效果评价

目的 评价有效控制肠道线虫病项目的防治效果,分析流行趋势的动态变化,为调整肠道线虫病防控策略提供依据。方法 对2001—2019年南京市肠道线虫病监测数据、以及实施驱虫服药、健康教育、农村改厕等防治策略资料进行统计分析。结果 2001—2019 年,南京市共粪检191 172人次,检出肠道线虫阳性感染2 596人次,年平均感染率为1.36%,人群肠道线虫感染率逐年下降趋势（P<0.01）。南京市肠道线虫感染以蛔虫、钩虫、蛲虫、鞭虫为主,且以轻度感染为主,共计2 345例（占96.98%）,感染人数分别为1 724例、564例、179例和129例,感染率分别为0.90%、0.30%、0.09%和0.07%。以2001年的人群感染率最高,为7.00%,2018年和2019年的感染率最低,均为0.01%,各年份人群感染率差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）。南京市儿童蛲虫病专项监测累计检查儿童 114 940人次,阳性感染者 500人次。儿童蛲虫感染率亦呈现逐年下降趋势（P<0.01）。截至2019年12月,南京市已累计服药驱虫923 750万人次,人群肠道线虫病卫生知识知晓率大于90%,无害化卫生户厕普及率为99.99%。结论 南京市有效控制肠道线虫病防治项目取得显著效果,但仍需不断完善肠道线虫病的监测网络,加强重点人群健康教育,适时调整防控策略,有效巩固肠道线虫病的防治成效。

Evaluation of control effect of implement effective control for intestinal nematode disease in Nanjing

Objective To evaluate the control effect of effective control for intestinal nematode disease, and to analyze the dynamic change of epidemic trend, we provide basis for adjusting control strategy of intestinal nematode disease. Methods The data of control strategies in Nanjing from 2001 to 2019 were analyzed, including monitoring data of intestinal nematode disease, drug deworming , health education and rural toilet improvement. Results From 2001 to 2019, 191 172 person-times of residents were surveyed fecal examination in Nanjing City, and 2 596 person-times of residents were detected with intestinal nematode infections, with annual average infection rate 1.36%. The positive rate of human intestinal nematode infections showed a significantly declining trend in total （P<0.01）. In Nanjing, intestinal nematode infections were mainly caused by ascaris (0.90%, 1 724 cases), hookworm (0.30%, 564 cases), pinworm (0.09%, 179 cases) and trichuris (0.07%, 129 cases). Among them, 2 345 cases (96.98%) had mild infection. In 2001, the infection rate was the highest (7.00%), while in 2018 and 2019, the infection rate was the lowest (both 0.01%). The difference of infection rate in each year was statistically significant (P<0.01). 114 940 person-times of children under 12 years old were surveyed for the special surveillance of pinworm in Nanjing, and 500 cases were detected with positive infection. Moreover, the positive rate showed a significantly decreasing trend in total（P<0.01）. At the end of 2019, 9 237.5 million person-times have been treated with medicine, the awareness rate of intestinal nematode control among the population in Nanjing reached more than 90%, the penetration rate of harmless toilets was 99.99%. Conclusion The effective control of intestinal nematode disease in Nanjing has achieved remarkable results, however, the surveillance network of intestinal nematode disease still should be improved, and health education in key population groups should be strengthened, in order to adjust control strategies in time, and effectively consolidate the effectiveness of the control of intestinal nematode disease.