超声靶向微泡破坏技术在心肌梗死基因治疗中的应用

急性心肌梗死（AMI）是严重威胁人类健康的疾病之一。心肌梗死时由于受累心肌细胞功能丧失,导致心功能受损甚至进展为心力衰竭。AMI的一线治疗是尽早通过经皮冠状动脉介入治疗（PCI）对闭塞的冠状动脉进行再灌注。然而,目前临床上的手术和药物等治疗手段均不能挽救死亡的心肌细胞,大面积心肌梗死后仍可能发生心室功能障碍。近年来,靶向基因治疗逐渐应用于临床,已成为AMI可能的有效干预措施。但是,由于缺乏安全有效的靶向递送系统,转染基因难以持续表达,基因治疗的临床应用受到限制。超声靶向微泡破坏技术（UTMD）是一种介导基因转染的新技术,通过将基因递送到特定的解剖和病理部位,在心血管疾病中具有潜在的治疗价值。本文对UTMD在心肌梗死基因治疗中的应用研究进展进行综述。

Application of ultrasound targeted microbubble destruction in gene therapy of myocardial infarction

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is one of the common causes of death worldwide. During myocardial infarction, due to the loss of the function of involved cardiomyocytes, the cardiac function is impaired and even develops into heart failure. The first-line treatment of AMI is the reperfusion of the occluded coronary artery by percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) as soon as possible. However, the current clinical treatments such as surgery and drugs can not save the dead cardiomyocytes, and ventricular dysfunction may still occur after large area myocardial infarction. With the continuous development of life science, the targeted gene therapy is gradually used in clinic, which has become a possible and effective intervention for AMI. However, the efficiency of gene transmission to the target tissues still limits its application. Ultrasound targeted microbubble destruction (UTMD) is a new technique for mediating gene transfection, which has potential therapeutic value in cardiovascular diseases by delivering genes to specific anatomical and pathological sites. This article reviews UTMD-mediated gene delivery in the treatment of myocardial infarction.