Heart rate recovery after exercise and incidence of type 2 diabetes in men |
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| Authors: | Sae Young Jae Mercedes R. Carnethon Kevin S. Heffernan Bo Fernhall Moon-Kyu Lee Won Hah Park |
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| Affiliation: | (1) Department of Sports Informatics, University of Seoul, 90 Jeonnong-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 130-743, South Korea;(2) Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA;(3) Division of Cardiology, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA;(4) Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois, Champaign, IL, USA;(5) Center for Health Promotion, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea;(6) Sports Medicine Center, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea |
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| Abstract: | Objectives We tested that slow heart rate recovery (HRR) after exercise testing, indicative of decreased parasympathetic nervous system activity, is associated with the development of type 2 diabetes in 1,813 healthy men. Methods Heart rate recovery was calculated as the difference between maximum heart rate during the exercise test and heart rate 1 min after cessation of the exercise test. Results During an average of 6.4 years of follow-up, 64 (3.5%) subjects developed type 2 diabetes. The unadjusted relative risk (RR) of developing incident diabetes in the slowest versus the fastest HRR quartile was 3.13 (95% CI, 1.28–7.65). However, the association was no longer significant after adjustment for diabetes risk factors and baseline glucose (RR = 2.28, 95% CI, 0.87–5.95). Conclusion Slow HRR is associated with the development of type 2 diabetes, but these relationships were largely explained by baseline fasting glucose in healthy men. |
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| Keywords: | Heart rate recovery Type 2 diabetes Autonomic function Exercise testing Parasympathetic nervous system |
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