Tuberculous orchiepididymitis as clinical onset of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection

The emergence of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome has changed the natural history of tuberculosis which has now become the second most common infection associated to human immunodeficiency virus infection. It is only rarely that a tuberculous infection has an urogenital location, and extrapulmonary locations are generally related to severe immunosuppression. This paper presents one case of tuberculous orchitis that presented as the clinical onset of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Discussion of the clinical evolution and the therapeutic approach that consisted in orchiectomy associated to treatment with tuberculostatics.