北京市女性更年期症状与人格特征之间的关系分析

目的了解女性更年期症状与人格特征之间的关系,为减轻更年期症状、提高生活质量提供依据。方法采用艾森克个性问卷（EPQ）和自制更年期症状自评量表,对800名更年期女性进行无记名调查。结果女性更年期各项症状发生率为15.4%～65.0%,且更年期各症状之间互为影响;潮热、肢体麻木、失眠、激动、抑郁、眩晕、疲劳、关节疼痛、头痛、心悸、皮肤蚁走感、泌尿系感染是12个常见症状,其内外倾向性（E）均分（除失眠、抑郁、关节疼痛、头痛症状外）,均是有症状组显著低于无症状组（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）;情绪稳定性（N）均分（除头痛症状外）均是有症状组高于无症状组（P〈0.01）。肢体麻木、疲劳、心悸等症状轻者与症状重者,其内外倾向性和情绪稳定性均分差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论有、无更年期症状及症状轻、重与人格特征有密切关系,加强心理干预,培养良好个性特征,是减轻更年期症状、提高生活质量的一项重要措施。

The Relation between Syndrome and Personality Characteristics of Climacteric Women in Beijing

Objective To study the relation between syndrome and personality feature of climacteric women so as to provide a basis for alleviating the climacteric symptoms and increasing life quality.Methods EPQ and self-designed climacteric symptom scale were used to conduct the investigation among 800 climacteric women anonymously.Results The incidence of climacteric symptoms were between 15.4% and 65.0% and the climacteric symptoms were intra-affected among hectic fever,numbness,insomnia,excitement,depression,dizziness,fatigue,joint ache,headache,palpitation,sense of ant creeping and infections in urinary system.The extraversion（E） related to the symptoms except insomnia,depression,joint ache and headache in the group with syndrome was significantly lower than that in the group without syndrome（P〈0.05 or P〈0.01） and the neuroticism（N） related to the symptoms except headache in the former group was significantly higher than that in the latter（P〈0.01）.For those symptoms of numbness,fatigue,palpitation,the extraversion（E） and neuroticism（N） were significantly different between the groups with mild and severe symptoms（P〈0.05）.Conclusion The degree of symptoms is related with personality characteristics and so enhanced metal prevention and wellcultivated personalities is key to the alleviation of climacteric symptoms and enhancement of their life quality.