食管癌的免疫治疗

肿瘤进展通常与免疫抑制或癌细胞逃避免疫监视相关.免疫治疗可提高免疫系统识别和清除肿瘤细胞的能力,且对正常组织影响轻微,是目前晚期食管癌研究的热点.食管癌的免疫治疗方法主要包括免疫检查点抑制剂、过继细胞免疫治疗、肿瘤疫苗和抗体治疗.目前大量临床试验正在进行中,以评价免疫治疗在食管癌中的作用.以Pembrolizumab和Nivolumab为代表的免疫检查点抑制剂在晚期食管癌治疗中已取得初步成功,为食管癌患者改善预后和生命质量带来希望.未来还需要对肿瘤异质性、疗效预测靶点、免疫治疗耐受等影响免疫治疗疗效的问题展开进一步的研究.

Immunotherapy in esophageal cancer

Tumor progression is often associated with immune suppression or the ability of the tumors to avoid immune surveillance.Immunotherapy improves the ability of the immune system to recognize and clear tumor cells with a little influence on the normal tissues.Immunotherapy is a hot spot in the research of advanced esophageal cancer.Innnunotherapy of esophageal cancer includes immune checkpoint inhibitors,adoptive cellular immunotherapy,tumor vaccines and antibody therapy.At present,a large number of clinical trials are underway to evaluate the role of immunotherapy in esophageal cancer.Checkpoint inhibitors represented by Pembrolizumab and Nivolumab,has achieved initial success in the treatment of advanced esophageal cancer to improve the prognosis and life quality of esophageal cancer patients.In the future,further studies are needed to have a research on the effects of tumor heterogeneity,prediction of therapeutic targets,and immune tolerance.