一氧化氮与肠屏障功能

肠屏障功能是肠道的一个重要特征,可以保护宿主不受外来抗原的干扰和入侵,它由一系列特异性和非特异性防御机制组成,包括肠管的蠕动、消化液的分泌、肠上皮细胞间的紧密连接以及肠道免疫系统.在烧伤、创伤、失血性休克、放疗、化疗、严重感染等情况下,会相继出现肠屏障破坏、细菌移位,严重者会发生多器官功能障碍.一氧化氮作为一种细胞的小分子物质,在各种生理病理中具有重要作用.近来研究发现,其毒性代谢产物过氧亚硝基阴离子(ONOO-)参与肠黏膜损伤.作者就一氧化氮与ONOO-在肠屏障功能的保护和损伤方面作一综述.

Nitric oxide and gut barrier function

The important function of the gastrointestinal tract in monitoring and sealing the host intestine from intruders is called the gut barrier.A variety of specific and nonspecific mechanisms are in operation to establish the host barrier,including luminal mechanism,secretion of the digestive enzymes,the epithelial cells together with tight junctions between them and the gut immune system.The pathogenesis of gut barrier dysfuntion is multifactorial.They can lead to the translocation of the intestinal bacteria.Sometimes,even the multiple organ dysfunction syndrome can happen.Nitric oxide,one of the smallest products of the cell,is known to have a very large role in diverse physiologic and pathological processes.Recent study shows its toxic metabolite,peroxynitrite(ONOO~(-)),play a major role in the intestinal mucosal injury.The purpose of this literature review is to provide a better understanding of the mechanism of the protection and injury to the gut barrier function about nitric oxide and peroxynitrite.