老年高血压患者脑血管病变经颅多普勒超声观察

目的　了解老年高血压患者脑血管病变情况 ,探讨经颅多普勒超声 (TCD)在老年高血压患者脑血管病变辅助检查中的作用。方法　对经治疗将血压控制正常的 30例老年高血压患者 (高血压组 )作TCD检查 ,观察主要大中型脑动脉的平均血流速度 (Vm)、搏动指数 (PI)、阻力指数 (RI)和狭窄情况 ,并与 2 6例血压正常的老年人 (对照组 )对比分析。结果　高血压组患者各脑动脉的PI和RI均较对照组明显增加 (P <0 0 1) ,Vm 均较对照组明显减低 (P <0 0 5 ) ,脑动脉狭窄发生率明显高于对照组 (P <0 0 1)。高血压组 11例脑动脉狭窄中 ,病程 3～ 9年者 2例 ,10～ 35年者 9例 (P <0 0 5 ) ;中度高血压患者 2例 ,重度高血压患者 9例(P <0 0 5 )。结论　老年高血压患者尽管经治疗将血压控制正常 ,但仍常伴有脑血管病变 ,并随着高血压的病程延长 ,病情加重 ,脑动脉狭窄的发生率增加 ,TCD是一种简便且有价值的检查方法。

Observation of the cerebral arteries by the transcranial doppler in the aged patients with hypertension

Objective To evaluate the role of the transcranial doppler in the diagnosis of the cerebrovasular lesions in the aged patients with hypertension.Methods To compare 30 cases of the aged hypertension patients with 26 healthy controls in the data(which wre obtained by transcranial doppler) of the mean velocity(V m),pulsality index(PI),resistant index(RI) and state of the stenosis of the medium large cerebral arteries.Results The PI and RI of the hypertension group were obviously higher those of control group(P<0.01),the V m was obviously lower in the hypertension group(P<0.05),the rate of the cerebral artery sternosis was higher in the hypertension group(P<0.01),the cerebral artery sternosis of 11 cases were found in the hypertension group,duration of the hypertension was 3～9 years in 2 cases,10～35 years in 9 cases(P<0.05).Among the 11 cases the cerebral artery sternosis,hypertension in 2 cases was midium,9 cases severe,according to the classfication of the hypertension(P<0.05).Conclusion The aged patients with hypertension often have cerebrovascular lesion,even the blood pressure was controlled to the normal level.What is more,the rate of the cerebral artery sternosis is increased with the duration of the hypertension and hypertension severity.