提高新生儿静脉留置针穿刺成功率的探讨

目的　改进新生儿静脉留置针穿刺方法 ,提高穿刺成功率。方法　选择 6 0例住院新生儿 ,随机分为两组 :Ⅰ组 (n =3 0 )为对照组 ,采用传统的穿刺方法 ;Ⅱ组 (n =3 0 )为改良组。记录两组患儿穿刺成功率评分、保留天数及穿刺部位。结果　Ⅰ组穿刺成功率评分 ( 1 .3 3± 0 .6 2 )明显低于Ⅱ组 ( 1 .87± 0 .74 ) (P <0 .0 5 ) ;两组患儿额上静脉、颞浅静脉、耳后静脉的留置针保留时间均无显著差异 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,但与大隐静脉的留置针保留时间比较有显著差异 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论　改良的穿刺方法明显提高了新生儿静脉留置针穿刺成功率 ,头皮静脉留置针比大隐静脉更易于保留。

Investigation of Improvement of Puncture Success Rate in the New Method of IV Catheter System with "Y" Adapter in Newborn

Objective To improve the puncture method and the success rate of inserted intravenous injector in newborn;Methods 60 cases were divided into two groups at random, the control (n=30) is traditional vein puncture, and the experiment (n=30) is modified vein puncture.The success rate and the keeping time in different puncture sites between two groups were compared.Results The success rate score of the experiment is significantly higher than that of the control; the keeping time of inserted intravenous injector was not significantly different in two groups (P>0.05), and the keeping time of inserted intravenous injector in frontal vein(FV),superficial temporal veins(TV) or posterior auricular veins(AV) was not significantly different in each group(P>0.05), but was increased significantly as compared with great saphenous vein(SV) (P<0.05).Conclusion The modified method significantly improves the puncture success rate of inserted intravenous injector in newborn;and it is earlier to keep in scalp vein than in great saphenous vein.