深圳市外来工职业紧张的现状及其影响因素

目的 :了解外来工职业紧张的现状及其影响因素。方法 :应用职业紧张量表修订版 (OSI -R)对深圳市不同行业的外来工 (研究组 ) 6 4 4名及户籍员工 (对照组 ) 32 2名进行调查。结果 :外来工组职业任务和紧张反应得分高于对照组有非常显著差异 (P <0 0 1)。外业工的主要紧张源为任务过重、任务不适和工作环境 ,主要紧张反应为业务紧张反应和躯体紧张反应。个体应对资源对照组得分非常显著高于外来工组 ((P <0 0 1) ,表现在休闲、自我保健和社会支持方面。外来工紧张反应的主要影响因素为受教育年数、工作时间、任务过重、任务不适、工作环境、休闲、社会支持和理性处事。结论 :外来工是一个存在紧张的职业群体 ,增强个体应对能力可降低紧张反应 ,有必要在整个外来工职业人群中积极开展职业卫生服务 ,以促进职业人群的身心健康和工作能力。

OCCUPATIONAL STRESS AND ITS INFLUENTIAL FACTORS IN OUTSIDE WORKERS FROM INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISE IN SHENZHEN CITY

Objective:To realize the information of occupational stress and its influential factors in outside workers.Methods:Occupational Stress lnventory Revised Edition(OSI-R)was used for the survey in present study.The 644 sampled outside workers (study group)from various occupations and 322 registered resident workers (control group)in the same factories in Shenzhen city were tested.Results:the scores of ORQ and PSQ in outside workers group were significantly higher than that of control group(P<0.01).The main occupational stressors were role overload,role indufficiency and work environment,and the main occupational strains were vocational strain and physical strain. The scores of PRQ in control gronp were significantly higher than that of outside workers group(P<0.01).The main personal resources were recreation,self care and social support.The primary influential factors of stress reaction in outside workers were degree of education,working hours,role overload,role insufficiency, work environment,recreation,social support and rational conduct.Conclusion:Outside workers group was a stress occupation group.lmproving individual coping ability of outside workers might reduce the stress reaction.It was necessary to carry out the occupation hygiene service in outside worker to raise body & mind health and work ability.