不同喂养方式对乙型肝炎病毒母婴传播的影响

目的研究乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）表面抗原（HBsAg）阳性产妇所生婴儿母乳喂养和人工喂养对HBV母婴传播的影响。方法选择2001～2010年孕期或住院分娩时检测乙肝病毒表面抗原（HBsAg）阳性的母亲及其儿童206对,进行问卷调查和采集血清标本,用固相放射免疫法（SPRIA）检测HBV血清学标志物,比较母乳喂养和人工喂养对儿童HBV感染的影响。结果 206名儿童中母乳喂养100人,阳性3人,阳性率3.00%;人工喂养106人,阳性2人,阳性率1.89%。母亲在双阳性（HBsAg、乙肝病毒e抗原（HBeAg）均阳性）或单阳性（HBsAg阳性、HBeAg阴性）情况下,母乳喂养和人工喂养儿童HBsAg阳性率的差异均无统计学意义。结论母乳喂养未增加儿童感染乙肝的风险。

The Effect of Feeding Practices on Mother-to-child Transmission of HBV

Objective To study the effect on the transmission of hepatitis B virus（HBV） in HBsAg-positive mother＇ s children, regarding breast-feeding and formula feeding . Methods 206 pairs of mothers with HBsAg-positive during pregnancy or hospital delivery and their children were selected in the study in 2001-2010. All of them were surveyed by questionnaire and collected sera samples. Solid phase radioimmunoassay （SPRIA） was applied to detect HBV serological markers, and then compared the impact of HBV infection in children by breast-feeding or artificial feeding. Results 100 of 206 children were breast-feeding, and three were HBV positive with the rate of 3.00% ; two cases were HB~ positive in 106 artificial feeding children, with the positive rate of 1.89%. Among the children with double-positive mothers （both HBsAg and HBeAg are positive） and with single-positive mothers （HBsAg positive and HBeAg negative）, there was no significant statistically difference in the rate of HBsAg positive between breast-feeding and artificial feeding. Conclusion No additional risk of HBV transmission via HBV breast-feeding was observed.