钍尘职业暴露工人外周血淋巴细胞染色体畸变的研究

目的 研究含钍稀土混合粉尘对职业暴露人员外周血淋巴细胞染色体畸变的影响。方法 采用常规吉姆萨染色方法分析53名钍尘作业工人及58名非接尘工人(对照组)的染色体非稳定性畸变,荧光原位杂交方法分析10名钍尘作业工人及11名非接尘工人的染色体稳定性畸变。结果 接尘组的畸变细胞、双着丝粒+环和总畸变率显著高于对照组(χ²=4.12,P<0.05; χ²=5.07,P<0.05; χ²=7.09,P<0.01)。无着丝粒的畸变率在接尘组与对照组间差异无统计学意义。接尘组的易位率(4.5±2.0)与对照组的易位率(3.8±1.7)比较差异无统计学意义(Z=-0.566,P>0.05)。结论 长期职业暴露于含钍稀土混合粉尘能够增加染色体的非稳定性畸变,未观察到易位率增加。

Study of chromosome aberrations on the workers occupationally exposed to thorium and rare earth mixed dust

Objective To study the effect of thorium and rare earth mixed dust on chromosome aberrations in the lymphocytes of occupational exposed workers. Methods Analyses of unstable chromosome aberrations on 53 occupational exposed workers and 58 control workers were carried out by the conventional Giemsa staining method. Fluorescence in situ hybridization method was performed to analyze the chromosome stable aberrations on 10 occupational exposed workers and 10 control workers. Results The frequencies of chromosomal aberration cells, dicentrics plus rings, total aberrations in exposed workers were significantly higher than those in controls. No significant difference was found in the frequency of acentric aberrations between exposed and non-exposed workers. No significant difference was found in the frequency of translocations between exposed and non-exposed workers. Conclusions Chronically occupational exposure to thorium and rare earth mixed dust can increase the induction of unstable chromosome aberration, but the increase of stable chromosome aberrations (translocation) can not be observed.