A Clinician's Primer on the Role of the Microbiome in Human Health and Disease |
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Institution: | 1. Division of Gastroenterology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN;2. Division of Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN;1. Division of Gastroenterology, Departments of Medicine and Microbiology and Immunology, University of Miami, Miami, Florida;2. Division of Gastroenterology, Departments of Medicine and Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee;1. Enteric Neuroscience Program, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN;2. Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN;3. Department of Computer Science, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel;4. Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel;1. Department of Biotechnology, Sri Guru Gobind Singh College Sector-26, Chandigarh UT, 160019, India;2. Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana-Ambala Haryana, 133207, India;3. Parexel International, Chandigarh, 160101, India;1. Resident in Internal Medicine, Mayo School of Graduate Medical Education, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN;2. Fellow in Gastroenterology, Mayo School of Graduate Medical Education, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN;3. Adviser to resident and fellow and Consultant in Gastroenterology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN;1. Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts;2. Gastrointestinal Unit, Center for the Study of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, and Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts |
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Abstract: | The importance of the commensal microbiota that colonizes the skin, gut, and mucosal surfaces of the human body is being increasingly recognized through a rapidly expanding body of science studying the human microbiome. Although, at first glance, these discoveries may seem esoteric, the clinical implications of the microbiome in human health and disease are becoming clear. As such, it will soon be important for practicing clinicians to have an understanding of the basic concepts of the human microbiome and its relation to human health and disease. In this Concise Review, we provide a brief introduction to clinicians of the concepts underlying this burgeoning scientific field and briefly explore specific disease states for which the potential role of the human microbiome is becoming increasingly evident, including Clostridium difficile infection, inflammatory bowel disease, colonization with multidrug-resistant organisms, obesity, allergic diseases, autoimmune diseases, and neuropsychiatric illnesses, and we also discuss current and future roles of microbiome restorative therapies. |
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Keywords: | CDI"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"kwrd0015"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "$$":[{"#name":"italic" "_":"Clostridium difficile"} {"#name":"__text__" "_":" infection FMT"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"kwrd0025"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"fecal microbiota transplantation IBD"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"kwrd0035"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"inflammatory bowel disease IBS"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"kwrd0045"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"irritable bowel syndrome OTC"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"kwrd0055a"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"over-the-counter MDROs"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"kwrd0055"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"multidrug-resistant organisms |
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