Gender Nonconformity, Sexual Orientation, and Psychological Well-Being |
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Authors: | Gerulf Rieger Ritch C Savin-Williams |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Human Development, Cornell University, B42 Martha Van Rensselaer Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA |
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Abstract: | Both a same-sex sexual orientation and gender nonconformity have been linked with poorer well-being; however, sexual orientation
and gender nonconformity are also correlated. It is, therefore, critical to investigate their independent contributions to
well-being. Based on survey responses of 230 female and 245 male high school seniors, the present study is one of the first
to provide empirical data on this topic. Both childhood and adolescent gender nonconformity were negatively related to well-being.
In the same analyses, neither sexual orientation nor biological sex was a significant predictor of well-being. These results
suggest that gender-atypical traits may be more relevant for psychological health than a same-sex sexual orientation. Both
environmental and biological influences may account for these findings. |
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Keywords: | |
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