深圳市罗湖区残疾人群健康现状及卫生服务需求调查分析

目的了解深圳市罗湖区残疾人群健康状况及卫生服务需求与利用,为提高残疾人群健康状况及提供适当的卫生服务提供科学依据。方法对罗湖区登记在册的残疾人群进行健康体检,整群抽样问卷调查两个街道 残疾人群卫生服务需求与利用并对结果进行分析。结果本次调查中健康体检与抽样问卷调查残疾人群的年龄、残疾等级、残疾类型经统计学检验差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。深圳市罗湖区残疾人群的高血压、超重或肥胖、贫血、高血脂、高血糖、阴道炎病患病率分别为22.78%、44.85%、7.20%、40.58%、21.65%、55.09%,其中高血压、超重或肥胖、贫血、高血脂患病率随残疾等级增加而增高(P<0.05)。残疾人群两周患病率为53.12%,半年慢性病患病率为32.03%,两周就诊率为57.81%,年住院率为22.92%,且均随年龄增加而增高(P<0.05);两周患病率一级残疾人群明显高于二级残疾人群(P<0.01);半年慢性病患病率男性高于女性(P<0.05);两周就诊率四级残疾人群高于二级残疾人群(P<0.01);年住院率男性高于女性(P<0.01),多重残疾人群高于精神残疾人群(P<0.01)。康复需求率为51.04%,不同残疾类型需求率不同。 结论深圳市罗湖区残疾人群是一个高血压、超重或肥胖、高血脂、高血糖及妇女病高发的人群,卫生服务需求高但利用率却较低,有必要据此采取有针对性的措施,提高残疾人群健康水平。

Study on the Relationship Between Disabled People’s Health and Health Service in Luohu District Shenzhen City

ObjectiveTo provide evidence for improving the health of people with disabilities and supply them suitable health service by studying the relationship between disabled people’s health and health service in Luohu District Shenzhen City. MethodsThere was physical examination for people with disabilities in Luohu District, and questionnaired two communities of them through cluster sampling. Results The age, disability class and type of disability of disabled people weren’t statistically significant between the physical examination and questionnaire(P>0.05). The rates of hypertension, overweight and obesity, anemia, hyperlipemia, hyperglycemia, coleitis were 22.78%,44.85%, 7.20%,40.58%,21.65%,55.09% respectively. And the rates of hypertension, overweight and obesity, anemia, hyperlipemia were increasing along with the disability class(P<0.05). The two-week prevalence rate of disabled people was 53.12%, the half year chronic disease prevalence rate was 32.03%, the two-week hospital visit rate was 57.81% and the year admission rate was 22.92%. And the above four rates were increasing with age(P<0.05). The two-week prevalence rate of disabled people was higher in disability class one than class two(P<0.01). The half year chronic disease prevalence rate was higher in male than female(P<0.05). The two-week hospital visit rate was higher in disability class four than class two(P<0.01). The year admission rate was higher in male than female(P<0.01) and multiple disability than mental disability(P<0.01). The rate of rehabilitation demands was 51.04%, and they were different in the different types of disabilities. ConclusionsThe disabled individuals are high risk population on hypertension, overweight and obesity, hyperlipemia, hyperglycemia, gynecological diseases in LuoHu District ShenZhen City, The demands of people with disabilities are high but applications very low. It is necessary to carry out targeted intervention according to the analysis to improve life quality of people with disabilities.