Intranasal Oxytocin Improves Lean Muscle Mass and Lowers LDL Cholesterol in Older Adults with Sarcopenic Obesity: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial |
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| Institution: | 1. Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, TX, USA;2. Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Audie L. Murphy VA Medical Center, San Antonio, TX, USA;3. Division of Geriatric and Palliative Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA;4. Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, TX Center, San Antonio, TX, USA;5. Sealy Center on Aging, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA;1. Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy;2. Geriatric Unit, IRCCS Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, Milan, Italy;3. Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “A. Gemelli” IRCCS, Rome, Italy;4. Department of Geriatrics and Orthopedics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy;1. Centre for Medicine Use and Safety, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia;2. Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia;3. Department of General Practice, Melbourne Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Carlton, VIC, Australia;4. Helping Hand Aged Care, North Adelaide, SA, Australia;5. University of South Australia, UniSA Allied Health and Human Performance, Adelaide, SA, Australia;6. Registry of Senior Australians, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA, Australia;1. Department of Family and Geriatric Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA;2. Multi-Facility Director, Orlando, FL, USA;3. Department of Medicine/Geriatric Medicine Division, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA;4. Medical Director, Long Term Care, Buckeye Health Plan, Akron, OH, USA;5. Department of Family and Community Medicine, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA, USA;6. Board of Pharmacy Specialties, Alexandria, VA, USA;7. Department of Geriatrics, FSU College of Medicine, Tallahassee, FL, USA;1. Department of Health Services, Policy, and Practice, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA;2. Center of Innovation in Long-Term Services and Supports, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Providence, RI, USA;3. The Cecil G. Sheps Center for Health Services Research; School of Social Work; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA;4. OHSU-PSU School of Public Health, Portland State University, Portland, OR, USA;5. Center for Health Policy Evaluation in Long-Term Care; American Health Care Association/National Center for Assisted Living, Washington, DC, USA;1. Department of Public Health, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan;2. Division of Rehabilitation, Kobe University Hospital, Kobe, Japan;3. Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan;4. Division of Rehabilitation, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan;5. Division of Rehabilitation Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan |
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| Abstract: | ObjectivesObesity is associated with sarcopenia in older adults, and weight loss can lead to further muscle mass loss. Oxytocin decreases with age, and animal studies suggest that oxytocin administration has trophic effects on skeletal muscle cells and reduces adiposity. We conducted a clinical trial to examine the safety and preliminary efficacy of intranasal oxytocin for older adults with sarcopenic obesity.DesignA double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized controlled trial of intranasal oxytocin (24 IU 4 times per day) for 8 weeks.Setting and ParticipantsTwenty-one older (67.5 ± 5.4 years), obese (30–43 kg/m2), sedentary (<2 strenuous exercise per week) adults with slow gait speed (<1 m/s, proxy measure of sarcopenia) were recruited.MeasuresGeneralized estimating equations were used to evaluate the effect of oxytocin on safety/tolerability of oxytocin administration and whole body muscle and fat mass.ResultsAt baseline, body mass index (BMI) was 36.8 ± 3.6 kg/m2, fat mass 46.09 ± 6.99 kg, lean mass 50.98 ± 11.77 kg, fasting plasma glucose (FPG) 92.0 ± 8.9 mg/dL, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) 5.7% ± 0.4%, low density lipoprotein (LDL) 111.3 ± 41.5 mg/dL, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) 47.85 ± 10.96 mg/dL, and triglycerides 140.55 ± 83.50 mg/dL. Oxytocin administration was well tolerated without any significant adverse events. Oxytocin led to a significant increase of 2.25 kg in whole body lean mass compared with placebo (P < .01) with a trend toward decreasing fat mass, and a significantly reduced plasma LDL cholesterol by ?19.3 mg/dL (P = .023) compared against placebo. There were no significant changes in BMI, appetite scores, glycemia, plasma HDL, triglycerides, or depressive symptoms.Conclusions and ImplicationsThis proof-of-concept study indicates that oxytocin may be useful for the treatment of sarcopenic obesity in older adults. Oxytocin administration may also provide additional cardiovascular benefits. |
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| Keywords: | Obesity sarcopenia body composition clinical trials |
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