251例四肢主要血管损伤的围手术期护理

目的 探讨四肢主要血管损伤患者的护理方法。方法 总结251例四肢主要血管损伤护理经验：(1)术前护理：包括快速止血，控制损伤部位的血管出血；迅速补充血容量，积极抗休克，积极进行术前准备；(2)术后护理：加强生命征的监护及局部血循环观察，防止血管痉挛和血栓形成；严密观察伤口渗血，预防吻合口漏；(3)重视心理护理，正确指导功能锻炼。结果 规范化、程序化的护理为抢救四肢主要血管损伤的病人赢得了时间，减少了护理并发症的发生，降低了致残率。结论 在血管损伤的救治中，规范化、程序化的护理，是确保手术成功必不可少的重要环节。

Perioperative care of major vascular injuries in extremities

Objective To summarize the nursing experiences of 251 cases of major vascular injuries of extremities.?Methods The nursing measures included:?(1)?rapid transfusion to restore blood volume and preoperative preparation as soon as possible;?(2)?monitoring life sign,observing carefully regional blood supply of injuried extremity and preventing vascular spasm,thromli formation and leak in vascular anastomose;?(3)?Paying much attention to mental care and functional exercise of extremity.?Results Standardized and programmed nursing earned time for treatment of the patients,decreased complications and mortality.?Conclusion The principle of the management of major vascular injuries were life first and extremities second.?Standardized and programmed nursing should be emphasized in the emergent treatment of major vascular injuries of extremities.